Consumption coagulopathy and hemorrhagic syndrome exacerbated by blood anticoagulability remain the most important causes of lethality associated with Bothrops snake envenomation. venom also engages platelet aggregation on injured endothelium via von Willebrand factor (vWF) interactions. Besides aggregation, some toxins may induce qualitative thrombopathy, which has been in part related to inhi...

Scorpion envenomation is a main general health problem in developing countries, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Hemiscorpius lepturus as a member of the Hemiscorpiidae family is cause of the most scorpion sting lethality in Iran. In the present study, the oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in serum of envenomated sheep with the venom of Hemiscorpius lepturus</...

We carried out a prospective clinical study from June to December 1993 at the Base Hospital in Avissawella, Sri Lanka to determine the clinical features of envenomation by the hump-nosed viper (Hypnale hypnale). Sixty-two consecutive adult patients (63% males and 37% females, with a median age of 30 years [age range 13-68 years]) admitted to the medical unit following hump-nosed viper bites wer...

BACKGROUND Venomous snakebites continue to cause great morbidity, and treatment options are confusing the attending physician. In the United States approximately 45,000 snakebites occur each year, of which some 8000 are by 20 species of venomous snakes. METHODS Information on venomous snakes and snakebite treatment was gathered from the libraries of the Wilderness Medical Society and the Rock...