BACKGROUND The virulence of a pathogenic Vibrio cholerae is dependent on a discrete set of genetic determinants. In this study, we determined the distribution of virulence determinants among the clinical and environmental isolates of V. cholerae. METHODS The antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolates were determined using standard disk diffusion assay. PCR assay was performed to analyze t...

Osteoporosis is a common, complex disease that is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Although molecular genetic studies have identified several potential regions of linkage, underlying susceptibility gene(s) are largely unknown. Genetic susceptibility to osteoporosis may be both context dependent and developmentally regulated, and epigenetic mechanisms are the likely link between ...

According to the expensive brain hypothesis, periodic energy level determines mass. However, various environmental and biological factors directly or indirectly relevant intake have not been well studied. Here, we systematically examined how body mass, hibernation, diurnally, substrate use, diet individually synergistically determine mass in a large dataset of more than 1000 species. We found t...