Air pollution is a global problem all over the world. Bioindicator approach is a modern and progressive way how to determinate an amount of damage caused by pollution in nature. Presented paper deals with processing of electron-microscope images of needles pores of Norway spruce. These needles have usually miscellaneous structure of epidermis. But if the tree grows in polluted air the needles s...

BACKGROUND A leaf cuticle has different structures and functions as a barrier to water loss and as protection from various environmental stressors. METHODS Leaves of Panax ginseng were examined by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to investigate the characteristics and development of the epicuticular structure. RESULTS Along the epidermal wall surface, the un...

High concentrations of airborne particulate matter (PM) in urban areas are great concern to human health. Urban greening has been shown be an effective and eco-friendly way alleviate particle pollution, attention its role mitigating pollution increased worldwide. The species-specific PM-capturing capacity ten urban-greening species Seoul was evaluated by leaf functional traits (average area (AL...

Abstract In grape berries ( Vitis vinifera L.), sesquiterpenes are mainly accumulated as hydrocarbons in the epicuticular wax layer of grapes, whereas monoterpenes, which predominantly present alcohols, glycosylated and stored glycosides vacuoles berry cells. this study, extensive analysis hydrolysates by means comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography–time-of-flight–mass spectrometry de...