spasm quickly spreads to the right side of the face, and as it does so the patient places his right hand on the right side of his face and his left on his vertex. The spasm seizes the right sterno-mastoid and muscles of the right side of the neck so that the head is drawn by tetanic spasm downwards and to the right, the chin being turned to the left. The patient remains in this attitude moaning...

Vascular responses to ergometrine were compared in groups of patients subject to coronary artery spasm, or oesophageal spasm, or neither. We measured the degree of diffuse narrowing at different coronary artery sites (not in spasm), and the rise in blood pressure. The data provide no evidence for a generalised sensitivity to alpha-adrenergic stimulation underlying either of these two clinical e...

Intracisternal injection of blood in the rat produces an angiographically demonstrable biphasic vasospasm. Lesioning at the level of the mesencephalon of the ascending catecholamine pathways from locus coeruleus in the pons and the A1 and A2 nuclei in the medulla oblongata prior to cisternal blood injection prevents the development of both acute and late spasm. Selective lesioning in the medull...

OBJECTIVE To investigate brain areas involved in the initiation and execution of eyelid spasm in patients with benign essential blepharospasm. METHODS The authors used fMRI and correlated the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal with epochs of frequent eyelid spasm in six patients and with epochs of voluntary eye blinks in four healthy subjects. RESULTS Spasm epochs were accompan...

The purpose of this article is to record a clinical and experimental study of muscle changes noted in a recent epidemic of poliomyelitis in New Zealand. The term muscle spasm has come into general use to describe those changes which occur in the acute stages of the disease and has to be distinguished from the state of contracture which is a terminal condition of muscle shortening due to fibrosi...

OBJECTIVE: To find the effectiveness and tolerability of ketogenic diet (KD) for Pakistani children with refractory epilepsy. METHODS: This study was conducted at Child Neurology Department, Children's Hospital & Institute Health Multan, Pakistan. Data diagnosed patients epilepsy, not responding to ≥2 antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), were well-tolerated, adequately utilized received KD treatment...

We injected acetylcholine (ACh), the neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system, into the coronary arteries of 28 patients with variant angina. Injection of 10 to 80 gg ACh into the coronary artery responsible for the attack induced spasm together with chest pain and ST segment elevation or depression on the electrocardiogram in 30 of the 32 arteries of 25 of the 27 patients. The in...

S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM, also known as AdoMet) radical enzymes use SAM and a [4Fe-4S] cluster to catalyze a diverse array of reactions. They adopt a partial triose-phosphate isomerase (TIM) barrel fold with N- and C-terminal extensions that tailor the structure of the enzyme to its specific function. One extension, termed a SPASM domain, binds two auxiliary [4Fe-4S] clusters and is present wi...

Multivessel coronary spasm resulting to cardiogenic shock and malignant ventricular arrhythmias though rare has been reported in the literature. The disease seems to be more prevalent in Asians. There have been isolated reports of coronary spasm in patients with reactive airway disease. We report the first case of spontaneous multivessel spasm in a male patient with bronchial asthma of Arab eth...

The spontaneous occurrence of diffuse three vessel coronary artery spasm was documented during routine coronary angiography in three patients with a history of variant angina. Quantitative angiographic analysis of 18 arterial segments demonstrated that the mean luminal diameter of 1.47 mm during spasm increased to 2.47 mm after the administration of nitroglycerin (p less than 0.0001). The under...