Abstract Alkyl bromides are used as initiators in most of the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) process and play an important role for controlling ATRP equilibrium. In this work, effect solvent on equilibrium constant ( K ) rate activation k act three isomeric alkyl [namely, N -phenyl(3-bromo-3-methyl)succinimide, -phenyl(3-bromo-4-methyl)succinimide, -phenyl(3-bromomethyl)succinimide...

We have characterized the binding of rhodamine phalloidin to actin filaments and actin filaments saturated with either myosin subfragment-1 or tropomyosin in 50 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2 buffer at pH 7.0. Direct transient kinetic measurements of rhodamine phalloidin binding to actin filaments indicate an association rate constant of 2.8 x 10(4) M-1 s-1 and a dissociation rate constant of 4.8 x 10(-4) ...

Thermodynamics has established in chemistry principally as a science determining possibility and direction of chemical transformations and giving conditions for their final, equilibrium state. Thermodynamics is usually thought to tell nothing about rates of these processes, their velocity of approaching equilibrium. Rates of chemical reactions belong to the domain of chemical kinetics. However,...

Using polymer elastic theory and known RNA free energies, we construct a Monte Carlo algorithm to simulate the single RNA folding and unfolding by mechanical force on the secondary structure level. For the constant force ensemble, we simulate the force-extension curves of the P5ab, P5abc deltaA, and P5abc molecules in equilibrium. For the constant extension ensemble, we focus on the mechanical ...

Ammoniated electrons exist in solutions of potassium amide in liquid ammonia which have reached thermodynamic equilibrium with hydrogen gas. By determining electron concentrations by electron spin resonance, an equilibrium constant of 10(5) at room temperature has been obtained.

abstract siderophores are of important factors influencing bioavailability and fate of heavy metals in the arid and semi-arid soils. they are low molecular weight organic ligands excreted by aerobic soil microorganisms and some plants roots to acquire fe. siderophores may also complex other metals such as pb .the main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dfob-siderophore on...

A fully instrumented air conditioning laboratory unit capable of controlling drying air temperature and humidity integrated with an instantaneous weighing thin layer drying system was used to investigate the thin layer drying behavior and desorption equilibrium moisture content of canola (Brassica napus L.). To this aim, freshly harvested canola samples with moisture content of about 12±0.5% (d...

A mathematical method of determining the values at equilibrium and the constant rates in inter-conversion process of conformational labile molecules is proposed. No measuring method is used. In most of the cases, at equilibrium, the concentrations of the main species are equal. Thus, we have equilibrium of concentrations too. The symmetry plays a central role.  2012 Trade Science Inc. INDIA

An algorithm is presented which enables one to determine the nature of the equilibrium state of a system with constant inputs by direct inspection of its bond graph representation. The algorithm determines whether or not there exists a unique equilibrium state (within a certain region). If not, the system may have no (or injinitely many) equilibrium states in the linear case.

in this paper the dynamic of a droplet on a surface with a hole is investigated under gravitational effect by using lattice boltzmann method. incompressible two-phase flow with high density ratio proposed by lee is considered. cahn’s theory is used to observe the wettability of the surface in contact with liquid and gas phases. several parameters such as contact angle, surface tension and gravi...