OBJECTIVE To study motor and sensory results of surgery for exotropia following botulinum toxin A injection to correct childhood esotropia. METHODS The medical records of 2445 patients treated with botulinum toxin bimedial injection were retrospectively reviewed to select patients operated on after 1 year of consecutive exotropia. We recorded age at onset of deviation, retinoscopic refractive...

purpose: to evaluate the effects of intravitreal and intracameral injection of bevacizumab in patients with neovascular glaucoma (nvg).   methods: this interventional case series was conducted on 40 eyes of 40 patients with neovascular glaucoma. data included the extent of iris (nvi) and angle neovascularization (nva), peripheral anterior synechia (pas), and intraocular pressure (iop). followin...

A fault is a defect in a program, usually difficult to pinpoint .A faults may occur at single points or distributed points. In software testing, fault injection is a technique of introducing faults into the code for improving the coverage and usually used with stress testing for robustness of the developed software. When the fault-tolerance mechanisms detect an error, they may initiate several ...

The problem addressed in this paper is the linearization of nonlinear systems by generalized input-output (I/O) injection. The I/O injection (called completely generalized I/O injection) depends on a finite number of time derivatives of input and output functions. The practical goal is the observer synthesis with linear error dynamics. The method is based on the I/O differential equation struct...

In this paper we present an analytical model for charge injection in MOS switches that is valid for all regions of operation. The model is general and can be applied for different load conditions. We analyze and develop two separate charge injection models for the different operating conditions. A simple continuos model that is valid for all conditions is then stitched together using appropriat...

One year after publication of the work: "Treatment of achalasia: the short-term response to botulinum toxin injection seems to be independent of any kind of pretreatment" [1], institutional re-evaluation revealed an error in the methods section. The last sentence of the first paragraph of the methods section should read as: The manometric study protocol was approved by an ethics commmitte and t...

Reduced precision redundancy (RPR) is an alternative to triple modular (TMR) that reduces the area overhead at expense of minor accuracy loss in case error. In this work, we propose a Scaled RPR approach for multistage circuits and analyze error mitigation tradeoffs. As study, several fast Fourier transform designs were tested with low-energy protons fault injection. Experimental results show p...

Computer Systems which operate in space environment are Subject to different radiation phenomena that lead to soft errors and can cause unpredictable behaviours of computer-based systems. Commercial Off-The Shelf (COTS) equipment which is commonly used in space missions cannot tolerate some threats such as Single Event Upsets (SEU). Therefore, there are some considerations in resisting this equ...

Testing of concurrent software is difficult due to the nondeterminism present in scheduling of concurrent threads. Existing testing approaches tackle this problem either using a modified scheduler which allows to systematically explore possible scheduling alternatives or using random or heuristic noise injection which allows to observe different scheduling scenarios. In this paper, we experimen...

The performance dependence of optically injection-locked 1.55 mm VCSELs by downstream signals in a bidirectional optical link on the degree of Rayleigh backscattered signal and modulation depth of the master DFB laser is studied. Such a study is important for operation in bidirectional WDM-PONs. Error-free upstream performance is achieved when the upstream signal to Rayleigh backscattering rati...