Erythropoiesis is an important response to certain types of stress, including hypoxia, hemorrhage, bone marrow suppression, and anemia, that result in inadequate tissue oxygenation. This stress-induced erythropoiesis is distinct from basal red blood cell generation; however, neither the cellular nor the molecular factors that regulate this process are fully understood. Here, we report that type...

Hemoglobinopathies and other disorders of erythroid cells are often associated with abnormal iron homeostasis. We review the molecular physiology of intracellular and systemic iron regulation, and the interactions between erythropoiesis and iron homeostasis. Finally, we discuss iron disorders that affect erythropoiesis as well as erythroid disorders that cause iron dysregulation.

In USA more than 12.5% of all infants are born preterm. Approximately 75% of all perinatal deaths occur among these preterm infants. Preterm infants are frequently very low in birth weight (VLBW) and receive multiple red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. These transfusions pose increased risk of infections and other complications. Since erythropoietin (EPO) stimulates RBC production, EPO treatment...

Nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) are premature erythrocyte precursors that reside in the bone marrow of humans all ages as an element erythropoiesis. They rarely present healthy adults’ circulatory systems but can be found circulating fetuses and neonates. An NRBC count is a cost-effective laboratory test currently used everyday clinical practice; it mostly diagnosis hematological diseases/dis...

introduction treatment of severe hemorrhagic shock due to acute blood loss from traumatic injuries in a jehovah’s witness (jw) trauma patient is very challenging since hemostatic blood product resuscitation is limited by refusal of the transfusion of allogeneic blood products. case presentation we describe a multifaceted approach to the clinical care of a severely anemic jw trauma patient inclu...