In addition to mediating sexual maturation and reproduction through stimulation of classical intracellular receptors that bind DNA and regulate gene expression, estradiol is also thought to influence various brain functions by acting on receptors localized to the neuronal membrane surface. Many intracellular signaling pathways and modulatory proteins are affected by estradiol via this unconvent...

Recent studies suggest that the rapid and nongenomic effects of estradiol may be mediated through the G protein-coupled receptor dubbed GPR30 receptor. The present study examines the role of GPR30 versus a classical estrogen receptor (ERalpha) in mediating the growth regulatory effects of estradiol. GPR30 is readily detectable in freshly isolated vascular tissue but barely detectable in culture...

Abstract Background Sex hormones may be associated with a higher incidence of ischemic stroke or stroke-related events. In observational studies, lower testosterone concentrations are infirmity, vascular disease, and adverse cardiovascular risk factors. Currently, female sexual considered neuroprotective agents. The purpose this study was to assess the role sex ratio estradiol/testosterone (E/T...

Estradiol, a major form of estrogen, plays crucial role in various aspects brain function, including neuronal health, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive processes. Therefore, it is interest to investigate the histopathological changes rat following estradiol treatment unilateral bilateral ovariectomized rats, commonly used method induce estrogen deficiency study consequences hormonal changes. T...

Estradiol renal receptor molecules and estradiol-dependent antinatriuresis. A 35 % decrease in urinary excretion of sodium was produced when 1713-estradiol was administered to adrenalectomized male rats in doses of 40 jig/day. Such estrogendependent retention of sodium independent of mineralocorticoid secretion suggests the possibility of a direct effect of estrogens on the renal tubule. We her...

Background: Therapies available for thin endometrium are limited and mostly performed experimentally which most of these treatments have a similar function increase blood flow to the endometrium, causing it thicken develop. The aim study was compare effect estradiol valerate in combination with sildenafil on endometrial thickness infertile women before intrauterine insemination. Methods: In thi...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of 2 continuous combined estrogen-progestin replacement products, compared with unopposed estrogen and placebo, on cardiovascular risk markers in postmenopausal women in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. METHODS Two hundred seventy healthy postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups: placebo, unopposed 17-beta ...

We have previously found that estradiol increases (within 4 h) but then decreases (within 48 h) cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of adult female ovariectomized (OVX) rats and of intact meadow voles and that estradiol partially stimulates adrenal activity to suppress cell proliferation in rats. Estradiol enhances N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) activity and NMDAr activation suppress...

Metabolism of locally applied 17beta-estradiol (estradiol) to methoxyestradiols contributes to the growth inhibiting effects of estradiol on vascular smooth muscle cells via an estrogen receptor (ER)-independent mechanism. Because vascular smooth muscle cells are phenotypically similar to glomerular mesangial cells, it is feasible that estradiol inhibits glomerular mesangial cell growth via a s...

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) repair damaged endothelium and promote capillary formation, processes involving receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Because estradiol augments vascular repair, we hypothesize that estradiol increases EPC proliferation and capillary formation via RTK activation and induction of HO-1. Physiological concentrations of estradiol (10 nmol/...