it is a well-known result in both environmental economics and natural resources managementthat you will not be able to manage what you are not able to measure. this paper presents a dichotomous-choicecontingent valuation survey that analyses individuals’ preferences for the implementation of a rural developmentprogram (rdp) that fosters the provision of non-commodity outputs in rural areas in s...

the european countries' stances towards bush's pre-emptive war were hard. this has been caused by some factors; first, the political european tradition of balance of power in regional and international system is still continuing. second, the pre-emptive war has led to an increase of u.s mobility power in european security field. and at last the pre-emptive war has led to fractions and...

Although fertility rates are falling in many countries, Europe is the continent with the lowest. As men and women choose to have fewer children, total fertility rates in Europe have fallen below replacement levels: for a total fertility rate of 1.5, the rate is around 1.7 children per woman for the cohorts born in 1965. This is due to individual decisions arising from the instability of modern ...

Background: Clinical research is a specific phase of the production process in the pharmaceutical industry in which companies test candidate drugs on patients in order to collect clinical evidence about safety and effectiveness.Objective: This paper is an operational research which aimed to support the hypothesis that pharmaceutical clinical research is l...

This paper presents a retrospective on the evolution of modeling and simulation (M&S) as they relate to multiphysics systems. The context space of M&S is defined in terms of number of fields, number of domains, length scale, and computational technologies involved. Representative past and the present efforts on each one of these contexts and some of their combinations are described and their re...

Instead of immediately replying as in [cri89], the master records the value of its clock and continues its work. During the next FME, it inserts the previously recorded value and the actual value of its clock in the message to the server. If the server measures the entire round trip delay, it can obtain an approximation of the value of the master clock using Cristian's reading method modified t...

We propose a new method for the visualization of spectral images. It involves a perception-based spectrum segmentation using an adaptable thresholding of the stretched CIE standard observer colormatching functions. This allows for an underlying removal of irrelevant channels, and, consequently, an alleviation of the computational burden of further processings. Principal Components Analysis is t...

Abstract Recent work in color difference has led to the recommendation of CIEDE2000 for use as an industrial color difference equation. While CIEDE2000 was designed for predicting the visual difference for large isolated patches, it is often desired to determine the perceived difference of color images. The CIE TC8-02 has been formed to examine these differences. This paper presents an overview...

In this paper, we approach color-image-difference metrics by a Euclidean color-difference formula for small-medium color differences in log-compressed OSA-UCS space, recently published (C. Oleari, M. Melgosa and R. Huertas, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 26(1):121–134, 2009). We start from previous imagedifference metrics by replacing the CIE color-difference formulae with the new one. Tests are made by u...