The concept of an organic reaction between two macroscopic solid particles is investigated. Thus, we study several reactions that have been recently reported to proceed "in the solid phase" and clearly show that, in most cases, grinding the two solid reactants together results in the formation of a liquid phase. This is true both for catalytic transformations (e.g., aldol condensations and olig...

Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, 6 MALAYSIA 7 * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +60-53687623 8 9 10 Abstract: Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are known as tunable solvents. It is possible to prepare 11 ternary deep eutectic solvent (TDES) are used for desired purpose by selecting the suitable molar 12 ratio and com...

We study the problem of nonlinear development of oscillatory convective instability in a two-dimensional mushy layer during solidification of a binary mixture. We adopt the near-eutectic limit, making the problem analytically tractable using standard perturbation techniques. We consider also a distinguished limit of large Stefan number, which allows a destabilization of the system to an oscilla...

Solder joints are the main weak points of power modules used in harsh environments. For the power module of electric vehicles, the maximum operating temperature of a chip can reach 175 ◦C under driving conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to study the high-temperature reliability of solder joints. This study investigated the creep properties of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) and Sn-8.0Sb-3.0Ag (SSA8...

Nanostructures due to their small size, in comparison with their bulk counterparts, possess unique properties including magnetic, electrochemical and photonic properties. Therefore, such nanomaterials found a wide variety of application in different fields such as catalysis, electronic and spintronics, life and material sciences. Controlling the morphology and structure of nanomaterials is of c...

Background: EMLA cream is a eutectic mixture of Lidocaine and Prilocaine used to induce local anesthesia for dermatological procedures. Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of EMLA cream in reducing the pain of intralesional injection of steroid in patients with alopecia areata. Patients and Methods: This study was carried out on 27 alopecia areata patients. The injection...

The results of studying the physical properties a deep eutectic solvent based on choline chloride and sulfosalicylic acid have been presented. A phase diagram for this two-component mixture has constructed, dependences its density refractive index temperature studied first time. molar refractivity under study calculated. possibility using as an extractant recovery metal ions in solid–liquid sys...

This paper presents and discusses issues relevant to solidification of a chosen lead-free solder, the eutectic Sn-3.5%Ag, and its composite counterparts. Direct temperature recordings for the no-clean solder paste during the simulated reflow process revealed a significant amount of undercooling to occur prior to the initiation of solidification of the eutectic Sn-3.5%Ag solder, which is 6.5 C, ...