Evidence-based medicine has evolved with at least three distinct components: the core evidence, the systematic methods of reviewing and synthesising the evidence, and the use and application of the evidence in practice. This paper considers the tensions that exist because of different perceptions about the value, quality and interpretation of clinical and research evidence. The current challeng...

Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC) is a terribly aggressive and devastating disease that is all too common in lower socio-economic children, but none more so that what is encountered in American Indian Tribes. Nationwide, approximately 27% of 2-5 year olds have decay while 62% percent of American Indian/Alaska Native children in the same age group have a history of decay (IHS 2010, NHANES 19...

Although a healthcare system crippled by lack of resources cannot perform effectively, spending more money in an ineffective system may not lead to better outcomes. To ensure systemwide resource maximization, evidence-based medicine and guidelines that consider treatment cost-effectiveness and recommend treatment for persons with the most to gain are required. To demonstrate that increasing use...

Digital camcorders commonly have an in-built capability to export entire video files or a single image to storage media such as a digital versatile disc (DVD). In the event that a DVD is not properly finalised, its contents might not be easily readable. It is generally accepted that recovering video evidence from an unfinalised DVD in a forensically sound manner is an expensive and a challengin...

The present article outlines the basic principles of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) and how they should guide clinical practice. The evidence supporting a selection of perioperative interventions is assessed against objective criteria. Many of the perioperative interventions that have been widely adopted into clinical practice are supported by very limited evidence. Conversely a high level of ev...

BACKGROUND Teaching Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) is becoming a priority in the healthcare process. For undergraduates, it has been proved that integrating multiple strategies in teaching EBM yields better results than a single, short-duration strategy. However, there is a lack of evidence on applying EBM educational interventions in developing countries. In this study, we aim to evaluate the e...

We report here the genome sequences of two strains of Escherichia coli (ECA-B and ECC-M) that cause bovine mastitis. These strains are known to be associated with persistent and transient mastitis; strain ECA-B causes a transient infection, and ECC-M leads to a persistent infection.

Several of the current methods for density estimation of cetaceans using passive fixed acoustics rely on large, dense arrays of cabled hydrophones and/or auxiliary information from animal tagging projects conducted at the same time as the acoustic survey. Obtaining such data is costly, and may be impractical to the wider community interested in estimating cetacean density. Therefore, the goal o...

The assessment of the optimal treatment option based on best current knowledge is called evidence-based medicine (EBM). Considering the cost explosion in public health systems, EBM should also incorporate proper utilization of the restricted economical resources and should enforce quality assurance in medicine. It is imperative that surgeons realize that randomized controlled trials are applica...