This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2018. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2018 . Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from http://www.springer.com/series/8901 .

Global healthcare in the 21st century is characterized by evidence-based medicine (EBM), patient-centered care, and cost effectiveness. EBM involves clinical decisions being made by integrating patient preference with medical treatment evidence and physician experiences. The Center for Value-Based Medicine suggested value-based medicine (VBM) as the practice of medicine based upon the patient-p...

We consider the possibility of using measurements of anomalous magnetic moments of elementary particles as a possible test of the Einstein Equivalence Principle (EEP). For the class non-metric theories of gravity described by the T Hǫµ formalism we find several novel mechanisms for breaking the EEP, and discuss the possibilities of setting new empirical constraints on such effects.

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2018. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2018 . Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from http://www.springer.com/series/8901 .

We propose a class of finite fields where the reduction costs one addition. Their size is in the range of interest for ECC. We extend the idea of OEFs to Optimal Extension Rings, that is Z/(2 ± 1) where 2 ± 1 = ap with p a big prime and a a small cofactor. In 29 cases a = 3, in other 11 cases a = 17. We propose several classes of finite fields where the reduction costs at most five additions, a...

knowledge translation is a process that includes synthesis, dissemination, exchange and application of knowledge to improve the health, services and products in this study we have attempted to examine the knowledge translation practice and its perceived barriers on the universalities and research institutes (research sector) in iran.both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. in the...

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2018. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2018 . Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from http://www.springer.com/series/8901 .

L ast year, Archives of Disease in Childhood introduced a new section entitled " Archimedes ". Its purpose is " to assist practising clinicians by providing 'evidence based' answers to common questions which are not at the forefront of research but are at the core of practice ". 1 Archimedes is actively looking for paediatricians to submit their efforts at finding answers to these questions. In...

Several of the current methods for density estimation of cetaceans using passive fixed acoustics rely on large, dense arrays of cabled hydrophones and/or auxiliary information from animal tagging projects conducted at the same time as the acoustic survey. Obtaining such data is costly, and may be impractical to the wider community interested in estimating cetacean density. Therefore, the goal o...

OBJECTIVES Evidence based medicine (EBM) has transformed the way healthcare is delivered all over the world. It combines individual clinical expertise with best available research evidence so that the patients get a high standard of care. The growth of information technology has provided us with tools which enable us to scrutinise vast amounts of data within a very short amount of time. EBM is ...