The four cornerstones of microbial food safety risk assessment are hazard identification, exposure assessment, hazard characterization, and risk characterization. These steps represent a systematic process for identifying adverse consequences and their associated probabilities arising from consumption of foods that may be contaminated with microbial pathogens and/or microbial toxins. This paper...

Panchromatic (PAN) satellite imagery has been used successfully in different applications such as topographic mapping and terrain modelling. Nevertheless, PAN imagery is still one of the less used digital sources for land-change studies except few processes where the high-resolution of the PAN images is used to improve the visualization quality of the multi-spectral images. This research aimed ...

We investigate the generation, propagation, and probabilistic hazard of tsunami spawned by oceanic asteroid impacts. The process first links the depth and diameter of parabolic impact cavities to asteroid density, radius, and impact velocity by means of elementary energy arguments and crater scaling rules. Then, linear tsunami theory illustrates how these transient cavities evolve into vertical...