The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria® are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed every 3 years by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and review include an extensive analysis of current medical literature from peer-reviewed journals and the application of a well-established consensus methodology (modified Delphi...

The solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) is a common medical problem for which management can be quite complex. Imaging remains at the center of management of SPNs, and computed tomography is the primary modality by which SPNs are characterized and followed up for stability. This manuscript summarizes the American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria for radiographically detected solitary p...

An independent panel of expert scientists and risk assessors met on June 14 and 15, 1999, to review a research program on the teratogenicity of arsenic and an oral reference dose (RfD) on barium. Elf Atochem North America, Inc. sponsored the arsenic review and Chemical Products Corporation of Cartersville, Georgia sponsored the RfD for barium. This meeting was conducted by Toxicology Excellence...

The appropriate imaging for pediatric patients (ages 0-5 years) being evaluated for limping depends on the clinical presentation, specifically, the presence of signs of infection, any localization of pain, and history of or suspected trauma. Common diagnoses causing limping in children are briefly reviewed, and recommended imaging techniques are discussed, including toddler's fracture, transien...

The advent of smart devices and consumerisation of IT has produced a significant and permanent shift away from print-based reading to digital reading. This, in turn, has changed people’s reading behaviours and suggests that adapted mechanisms should be considered to support digital reading. It is particularly important for novice readers who need to read in-depth scientific literature in their ...

Renal cell carcinoma accounts for 2%-3% of all visceral malignancies. Preoperative imaging can provide important staging and anatomic information to guide treatment decisions. Size of the primary tumor and degree of local invasion, such as involvement of perinephric fat or renal sinus fat, and tumor thrombus in renal veins and inferior vena cava are important detriments to local staging of prim...

This is an updated review of management of vertebral compression fracture for both benign osteoporotic and malignant causes. Vertebral compression fracture radiologic imaging evaluation is discussed. A literature review is provided of current indications for vertebral augmentation with percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty as well as medical management. Limitations and potential benefits ...

Concept map activities often lack a subsequent revision step that facilitates knowledge integration. This study compares two kinds of concept map critique activities embedded in an evolution unit: Student dyads in one group compared their concept maps against an expert map while dyads in the other group conducted a peer-review. Analysis of the concept maps suggests that both treatment groups si...

Image-based radiation treatment planning and localization have contributed to better targeting of the prostate and sparing of normal tissues. Guidelines are needed to address radiation dose delivery, including patient setup and immobilization, target volume definition, treatment planning, treatment delivery methods, and target localization. Guidelines for external-beam radiation treatment plann...

The present guidelines review epidemiology, pathology, presentation, workup, staging, prognostic factors, and treatment options for patients with localized nodal indolent lymphoma, with an emphasis on radiation guidelines, including radiation dose, field design, and radiation techniques. Following a discussion of the current literature and available data for treatment and outcomes of patients w...