The completion mode (individual, collaborative) of the tasks and the conditions under which these modes are performed have been reported to play an important role in language learning. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of employing text editing tasks performed both individually and collaboratively, on the achievement of English grammar under explicit and implicit learning condi...

We show that many of the errors in a context-dependent phone recognition system are due to poor segmentation. We then suggest a method to incorporate explicit segmentation information directly into the HMM paradigm. The utility of explicit segmentation information is illustrated with experiments involving ve types of segmentation information and three methods of smoothing.

objective: the study was designed to examine explicit memory bias in trait-anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorder. method: memory bias was examined in three groups of subjects: low-trait  anxious (20 subjects), high-trait anxious (20 subjects), and obsessive compulsive patients (20 subjects) in whom danger schema were activated after they were exposed the threat-related material. the trait-a...

Computing the semantic relatedness between two words or phrases is an important problem in fields such as information retrieval and natural language processing. Explicit Semantic Analysis (ESA), a state-of-the-art approach to solve the problem uses word frequency to estimate relevance. Therefore, the relevance of words with low frequency cannot always be well estimated. To improve the relevance...

this study examines the efficiency of pedagogical intervention in raising l2 pragmatic awareness of the iranian efl learners. more specifically, it seeks to investigate the difference between explicit and implicit instructions in improving pragmatic appropriateness of the english refusals by adult persian native speakers in an efl classroom context. fifty-four participants, with approximately t...

Three experiments investigate the role of expertise as a moderator of the relationship between implicit and explicit measures of attitudes. Prior research seems to suggest that greater expertise with an attitude object should lead to stronger implicit-explicit correlations. However, a cognitive view of expertise can also predict a weaker implicit-explicit relation. We lay out a framework that h...

Due to its explicit modeling of the grammaticality of the output via target-side syntax, the string-to-tree model has been shown to be one of the most successful syntax-based translation models. However, a major limitation of this model is that it does not utilize any useful syntactic information on the source side. In this paper, we analyze the difficulties of incorporating source syntax in a ...

Typically, services are co-created by service provider and customer. This paper describes an approach to account the full costs of a service considering costs at the provider side as well as on the customer side resulting in a more accurate cost model. Depending on the level of integration of provider and customer, explicit modeling of uncertainty is used to reflect the uncertainty about custom...