This paper presents a within-subject, randomized experiment to compare automated interventions for teaching vocabulary to young readers using Project LISTEN's Reading Tutor. The experiment compared three conditions: no explicit instruction, a quick definition, and a quick definition plus a poststory battery of extended instruction based on a published instructional sequence for human teachers. ...

Although explicit and implicit knowledge of language learners are essential to theoretical and pedagogical debates in second language acquisition (SLA), little research has addressed the effects of instructional interventions on the two knowledge types (R. Ellis, 2005).This study examined the relative effectiveness of explicit and implicit types of form-focused instruction (FFI) on the acquisit...

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of metacognitive strategy instruction intervention on reducing language listening anxiety of Iranian EFL learners in the light of 2 listening metacognitive strategy instruction models of Integrated Experiential Learning Task (IELT) (Goh, 2010) and Metacognitive pedagogical Sequence (MPS) (Vandergrift, 2004). Participants were 63 B1 level learners who...

A Conceptual Model for the Design and Delivery of Explicit Thinking Skills Instruction Abstract Developing student thinking skills is an important goal for most educators. However, due to time constraints and weighty content standards, thinking skills instruction is often embedded in subject matter, implicit and incidental. For best results, thinking skills instruction requires a systematic des...

(d2) calls Dep Reg() which returns true if the preceding instruction is writing the same register that is read by the following instruction (strictly speaking, the same temporary location in register renaming scheme). Note that the dependence through the condition code register is checked separately, since branch instructions read the condition code register which is modified by such instructio...

although explicit and implicit knowledge of language learners are essential to theoretical and pedagogical debates in second language acquisition (sla), little research has addressed the effects of instructional interventions on the two knowledge types (r. ellis, 2005).this study examined the relative effectiveness of explicit and implicit types of form-focused instruction (ffi) on the acquisit...

This study investigated the relative effects of deductive and inductive form-focused instruction (FFI) on the acquisition of 4 non-generic definite article uses(cultural, situational, structural, and textual) as assessed by explicit and implicit outcome measures. The tests utilized to assess EFL learners' acquisition of definite article uses were timed and untimed grammaticality judgment tests....

Children with language impairment (LI) show an overall immaturity in grammatical structure. This includes difficulties with basic sentence constituents, pronouns, verb form elaboration, negative and interrogative sentences, noun phrase elaboration, and complex sentences. This article describes explicit instruction and scaffolding strategies, based on a review of current research, that can be us...

(1) Implicit learning proceeds without making demands on central attentional resources. As N. Ellis (2008: 125) puts it, ‘generalizations arise from conspiracies of memorized utterances collaborating in productive schematic linguistic productions’. Thus, the resulting knowledge is subsymbolic, reflecting statistical sensitivity to the structure of the learned material. In contrast, explicit lea...

In recent decades, robotic manufacturing systems have been considered as effective solutions for providing more productive processes, but with less cost and risk. However, the programming is a time-consuming task, hinders implementation of in today's industry. This paper proposes knowledge-based program-generation approach systems. The proposed provides support standardization rules knowledge r...