The article reveals the main problems of mechanism for customs regulation export petroleum products: cancellation duties at end «tax maneuver», dependence on gasoline and diesel fuel world oil price, government does not take into account ratio domestic prices when determining duty rate demand supply products in market to determine need apply measures export, as well lack a applying non–tariff m...

Indonesia is one of the countries that has largest nickel reserves in world. In addition to being used for export, currently government required domestic downstream nickel. addition, potential also plays a role increasing investment state revenues through consolidation. Through policy banning ore exports, long-term sustainability raw supply smelter needs maintained. However, there are issues co...

The fluctuation of vegetable prices in recent years underscores the need to identify contributing factors and develop effective policies. In order examine affecting prices, this paper uses a structural model constructed by demand, supply, import, export functions decompose price variance, also performs numerical simulation generalize results. We studied Korean market, selected cabbage, radish, ...

The globalization of competition has entailed that organizations of developed countries have to face new kinds of competitors with low labor cost and often advantageous exchange rates (resulting in favorable export selling prices). In such a scenario, innovation and organizational flexibility are becoming fundamental levers to enable enterprises to increase their competitiveness. For this reaso...

Logging contract systems are in need of change—they are leading to environmentally destructive exploitation and poor returns to landowners. The reaction has been to ban logging, thus giving subsidies to domestic timber processing industries. Export taxes are an inefficient and inequitable means of timber revenue distribution. The logging contract needs to be changed to allow landowners and gove...

This paper investigates the implications of endogenous trade participation for international business cycles, trade flow dynamics and exchange rate pass-through when price adjustments are staggered across firms. I develop a two-country dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model wherein firms make state-dependent decisions on entry and exit in the export market and the frequency of price adjus...

Black Sea wheat exporters, led by Russia, dominate Egypt's imports via a tender system. The tenders are managed the GASC and their outcomes communicated worldwide financial news agencies. Building on transaction-specific dataset (2011 - 2019), results of our cointegration analysis find export markets France USA highly integrated with price. Estimates from multivariate VECM indicate strong price...

The problems of developing country dependence on a narrow range of commodity exports are well-established. Many poorer developing countries have continued to generate a substantial proportion of their total export revenues from one or a small number of basic food commodities. In addition to the problem of declining world market prices for basic food products typically exported from developing c...

Grain marketing arrangements in Australia have been controversial for many years. Following an account of the historical background to grain marketing, this article concentrates on more recent debates. The most interesting technical economic argument concerns the validity of claims that statutory marketing authorities with export monopoly powers can obtain higher prices. The article also discus...

Prices are typically used as proxies for countries’ export quality. I relax this strong assumption by exploiting both price and quantity information to estimate the quality of products exported to the U.S. Higher quality is assigned to products with higher market shares conditional on price. The estimated qualities reveal substantial heterogeneity in product markets’ scope for quality different...