Clinical experience with extensively Drug Resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has not been reported in Malaysia before. We describe the clinical characteristics, risk factors, progress and therapeutic regimen for a healthcare worker with XDR-TB, who had failed therapy for multidrug resistant TB (MDR TB) in our institution. This case illustrates the risk of TB among healthcare workers in high TB-bur...

Antibiotic resistance is a major problem in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, the causative agent of typhoid. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates are prevalent in parts of Asia and Africa and are often associated with the dominant H58 haplotype. Reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones is also widespread, and sporadic cases of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins or azithromycin have...

Abstract Multi-drug (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a global public health problem especially in high TB burden countries like Nigeria. Many of these cases are undetected go on infect risk individuals. Clinical samples from positive rifampicin resistant Xpert®MTB/Rif assay were subjected direct whole genome sequencing bioinformatics analysis identify...

The increased incidence of drug-resistant tuberculosis has created an urgent necessity for the development of new and effective anti-tuberculosis drugs and for alternative therapeutic regimens. Clofazimine (CFZ) is a fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used in the treatment of leprosy worldwide. CFZ has also been used as a Group 5 drug in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). A large cohort study fro...

26 Drug-resistance to tuberculosis remains a major public health threat. Here, we report two cases 27 of extended-spectrum XDR (XXDR) tuberculosis, resistant to most first and second-line agents. 28 Correlation of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and phenotypic testing was discordant, 29 suggesting over-reliance on WGS may miss clinically relevant resistance in extensively drug30 resistant disease...

Tuberculosis caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains is a growing problem in many countries. The availability of the complete nucleotide sequences of several MTB genomes allows to use the comparative genomics as a tool to study the relationships of strains and differences in their evolutionary history including acquisitio...

Because of these high incidences and the increasing effects of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB), i.e., resistant to at least both isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF), the laboratory-based Taiwan Surveillance of Drug Resistance in TB (TSDRTB) program was established in 2003 (2). Surveillance demonstrated that combined drug resistance rates were 11.3% for any fi rst-line drug; and 5.3% (2004) and 4...

Since 2008, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control has been collecting data from the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) on resistance to first- and second-line drugs against tuberculosis (TB). In 2008, the proportion of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) was 6.0% of the total case load for 25 countries reporting data. Extensively drug-resistant (XDR TB) ...

Drug resistance is a growing public health problem. The World Health Organization reported an estimated 480000 new cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) worldwide in 2013, of which 9% were estimated to be extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB. The prevalence of HIV co-infection among TB patients in the African region is high [1]. In South Africa, 65% of TB patients tested for HIV are...

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical profile and outcomes of health care workers (HCWs) with extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) in the Eastern and Western Cape Provinces of South Africa. METHOD Retrospective case record review of 334 patients with XDR-TB reported during the period 1996-2008 from Western and Eastern Cape Province, Cape Town, South Africa. Case records of H...