The vertebrate eye is a laterally extended structure of the forebrain. It develops through a series of events, including specification and regionalization of the anterior neural plate, evagination of the optic vesicle (OV), and development of three distinct optic structures: the neural retina (NR), optic stalk (OS), and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Various external signals that act on the ...

Although homeostatic mechanisms remain of utmost importance, rhythmic changes are present also. The main ones have a period of 24 h (circadian) or about 2-3 h (ultradian). Circadian rhythms are derived from a body clock, found in the base of the brain, and from the pattern of our sleep wake cycle, including activity and meal times. These rhythms promote the regular changes between an active wak...

What is the meaning of saying that random variables {X(1), em leader, X(n)} (such as aptitude scores or hypothetical response time components), not necessarily stochastically independent, are selectively influenced respectively by subsets {Gamma(1), em leader, Gamma(n)} of a factor set Phi upon which the joint distribution of {X(1), em leader, X(n)} is known to depend? One possible meaning of t...

Certain herbal medicines, because of the complexity of their chemical content and the variety of bioactivities, can provide the poly-pharmacology that orthodox drugs cannot deliver. Natural products are rarely evaluated in the well-controlled clinical trials that are required to receive approval by regulatory bodies; therefore, they tend to have less scientific evidence to support their efficac...

OBJECTIVES Malignant external otitis (MEO) is a potentially fatal infection of the external auditory canal, temporal bone, and skull base. Despite treatment with modern antibiotics, MEO can lead to skull base osteomyelitis. Until now, there have been few studies on the prognostic factors of MEO. METHODS We performed a retrospective study to identify prognostic factors of MEO, and a meta-analy...

Selective influence of experimental factors upon observable or hypothetical random variables is a key concept in the analysis of processing architectures and response time decompositions. This paper deals with the notion of conditionally selective influence, defined as follows. Let {X1, em leader, Xn} be stochastically interdependent random variables (e.g., hypothetical components of response t...

OBJECTIVE To report the incidence and risk factors associated with delayed epistaxis (2-8 days after the procedure) after external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). DESIGN We identified and analyzed all cases of patients who underwent external DCR procedures at 2 institutions from January 1999 through December 2005. Cases of delayed epistaxis and their final surgical outcome were compared with tho...

educational organizations due to entry new competitors in this field, they are drawing a long-term vision for them. in order to achieve an acceptable point in this field, should be internal and external factors including of the challenges and potentials of the accelerator and the opportunities, and also examines the opportunities and then attempt to formulate the optimum strategies. in this pap...

inter organizational collaboration has been considered as a novel concepts in supply chain management by many researchers. in this paper two groups of internal and external factors were examined in relationship with inter-organizational collaboration in iran khodro supply chain. internal factors consist of organizational strategy and technology and inter-organizational factors refers to trust a...

Several MANET characteristics that distinguish MANET from other wireless networks and makes routing a challenging task. This paper presents a novel clustering algorithm, which uses both internal and external factors of node in mobile ad hoc network. In Cluster based MANET routing scheme, various mobile nodes are formed as clusters. Each cluster has its own cluster head, which is having more res...