This paper studies external memory bidirectional search. That is, how bidirectional search algorithms can run using external memory such as hard drives or solid state drives. While external memory algorithms have been broadly studied in unidirectional search, they have not been studied in the context of bidirectional search. We show that the primary bottleneck in bidirectional search is the que...

Search engines maintain large amounts of valuable data, such as web content, user queries, clicks, and browsing trails. This data is fully accessible only to the search engines themselves. Other parties, like users, advertisers, and researches, have very limited access to the data via public interfaces provided by search engines (e.g., the search interface). External techniques for mining searc...

The advent of the circular economy has repurposed traditional consumption habits. It is expanding opportunities for consumers to preserve ecosystem throughout whole product lifecycle. Drawing from extant rational and moral theories in behavior change, this research extends understanding consumer involvement by investigating whether being exposed “green” clues can trigger additional information ...

• A novel and efficient semi-external DFS algorithm EP-DFS is presented. requires simpler CPU calculation less memory space. index devised to reduce the disk random accesses. Extensive experiments are conducted on both real synthetic datasets . As graphs grow in size, many real-world difficult load into primary of a computer. Thus, computing depth-first search (DFS) results (i.e., order or DFS-...

Search can be defined as an attempt to arrive at a goal at an unknown location in the physical environment, time, memory or any other space. Search is necessary because the quantity and quality of resources essential to survival and reproduction vary in space and time. In addition to exploration through actual body movement in their environment, animals also search their external information sp...

one of the most important task of the researchers after selection the research topic, is search for various sources and references for gathering data and information about the subject. undoubtedly this search has been more extensive and accurate, value and credibility. accordingly should be said that the number and variety of citation sources and credit is one of the criteria in evaluation acad...

External information search behaviour has long been of interest to consumer researchers. Experimental and post hoc survey research methodologies have typically used a large number of variables to record search activity. However, as these are usually considered in aggregate, there is little opportunity for the researcher to overview the search style of a consumer. To date, the diagrammatic illus...

Consider a market with identical firms offering homogeneous good. For any given ex ante distribution of the price count (the number from which consumer obtains quote), we derive tight upper bound on equilibrium sales prices. The holds across all models firms’ common-prior higher-order beliefs about count, including extreme cases full information and no information. One implication our results i...