This work was carried out in graduate school ASCI. ASCI dissertation series number 288. To my wife, Minh Anh and my son, Viet Tung. In the memory of my father in law.

Word embeddings, which represent words as dense feature vectors, are widely used in natural language processing. In their seminal paper on word2vec, Mikolov and colleagues showed that a space created by training word prediction network large text corpus will encode semantic information supports analogy vector arithmetic, e.g., "king" minus "man" plus "woman" equals "queen". To help novices appr...

A father recounts a transformative journey of love, loss, and learning as his son developed and eventually died of a fungal infection that occurred during a period of immunocompromise after a bone marrow transplantation to treat hypodiploid leukemia. He then thanks the many physicians, researchers, family members, and friends who came together to memorialize his son and create knowledge, hope, ...

In October 1936 I was consulted regarding the painful condition of the thigh of the son of a government servant in the employ of the Military Engineering Service. For over six months the boy had been complaining of increasing pain and difficulty in the right thigh on walking. The father thought that his son had always been weak on the right leg, but that recently the boy had been quite lame, an...

Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin (Figure 1) was born on November 12, 1833, in the capital of the Imperial Russia St. Petersburg, as a rejected and illegitimate son of 62-year-old Georgian prince Luka Gedevanishvili (according to one historical source) or prince Luka Stepanovich Gedeonov (second historical source) and a 37 years younger Russian peasant Evdokia Konstantinovna Antonovna. The father ...