Animal models for Pneumocystis carinii, for the most part, have been limited to immunosuppressed rats and ferrets, while a dependable mouse model has been more difficult to develop. A P. carinii mouse model has now been established with several strains of mice, including C3Heb/FeJ, C3HeN, BALB/c, DBA/2N, and BALB/c nu/nu (athymic). In lieu of using invasive methods for initiating P. carinii inf...

Inhalation exposure to particulate matter containing endotoxin (or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) occurs in a variety of occupations. Nasal lavage and induced sputum have been used to evaluate lung inflammation resulting from such exposures. Whole blood assay (WBA) measures cytokine production of leukocytes after ex vivo stimulation with LPS. The present study examined the effectiveness of WBA for e...

We have studied the effect of estrous stage, as reflected by vaginal cellularity, at the time of surgical resection of an estrogen receptor-bearing mammary adenocarcinoma upon the metastatic potential of that tumor in the C3HeB/FeJ mouse. Presence of the tumor prolonged the length of the estrous cycle by approximately 25% and removal of the tumor returned the cycle to its usual duration. Neithe...

Leishmania are protozoan parasites transmitted by bites of infected sandflies. Over 20 species of Leishmania, endemic in 88 countries, are capable of causing human disease. Disease is either cutaneous, where skin ulcers occur on exposed surfaces of the body, or visceral, with near certain mortality if left untreated. C3HeB/FeJ mice are resistant to L. major, but develop chronic cutaneous lesion...

In humans, physical activity declines with age. We tested the hypothesis that genetic background and age interact to determine daily wheel-running physical activity patterns in mice. Five female mice from ten inbred strains (A/J, AKR/J, Balb/cJ, CBA/J, C3H/HeJ, C3Heb/FeJ, C57Bl/6J, C57L/J, DBA/2J, and SWR/J) were studied for 26 wk starting at 10 wk of age. All mice were housed in separate cages...

Preculture of thioglycollate-elicited C3HeB/FeJ mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro with subthreshold stimulatory concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce hyporesponsiveness (desensitization) to both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and nitric oxide (NO) production when these cells are subsequently stimulated with 100 ng/ml of LPS. We have established, however, that the pr...

Products of enteric bacteria, including endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)], have been implicated in the acute inflammatory responses elicited by ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) of the small intestine. The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of LPS to the increased E-selectin expression observed in the intestinal vasculature after I/R. The dual radiolabeled monoclonal antibod...

The present study has provided evidence that the ad ministration of methotrexate (MTX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) together in the proper regimen results in a synergistic suppression of 19 S hemolysin plaque-forming cell production. A similar effect was demonstrated when a com bination of Imuran (IM) and MTX was used although the degree of potentiation was not as great. The administration of MTX ...

The present study has provided evidence that the ad ministration of methotrexate (MTX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) together in the proper regimen results in a synergistic suppression of 19 S hemolysin plaque-forming cell production. A similar effect was demonstrated when a com bination of Imuran (IM) and MTX was used although the degree of potentiation was not as great. The administration of MTX ...

Murine nonparenchymal liver cells from various genetic strains isolated by collagenase digestion and differential sedimentation contain both lymphocytes and macrophages. Nonparenchymal liver cells as well as spleen cells, mononuclear blood cells, and peritoneal exudate cells from C3HeB/FeJ mice were tested for natural cytotoxicity against YAC-1 (sensitive to NK cells) and P815 (resistant to NK ...