BACKGROUND Clostridium difficile associated disease (CDAD) has risen in incidence and the experience in the US military has not been described. METHODS We evaluated the U.S. military's database and identified CDAD cases and demographic characteristics among affected military personnel from 1998 to 2010. RESULTS 2,423 cases were identified. CDAD incidence was 13.2 cases (95% CI: 12.7-13.7) p...

BACKGROUND Household transmission of influenza-like illness (ILI) may vary with viral and demographic characteristics. We examined the effect of these factors in a population-based sample of adults with ILI. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study in community-dwelling Australian adults nested within an influenza vaccine effectiveness trial. On presentation with ILI, participants were...

There has been little research on the determinants of Campylobacter coli infection, despite its contributing up to 10% of human Campylobacter infections. A case-control and two case-case study methods explored the aetiology of C. coli over a one year period across Scotland. The case-control multivariate model found an increased risk of C. coli infection in people older than 19 years (O.R. = 3.3...

OBJECTIVE Evaluate the esthetic perception and attractiveness of the smile with regard to the buccal corridor in different facial types by brachyfacial, mesofacial and dolichofacial individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS The image of a smiling individual with a mesofacial type of face was changed to create three different facial types with five different buccal corridors (2%, 10%, 15%, 22% and 28%...

BACKGROUND This paper describes the process of setting up community-based organisations (CBOs) of sex workers during the 5-year community mobilisation initiative of the Swagati project, an HIV prevention programme in nine coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh. METHOD The Swagati project facilitated the formation of 11 CBOs through partnerships with local non-governmental organisations and meeti...

BACKGROUND Repeated self-harm is relatively common and is linked with an elevated risk of eventual suicide. There has been no study of this involving a large sample from the Far East. AIMS To estimate the risk over the medium term of non-fatal repetition of self-harm and identify predictive factors in those carrying out self-harm. METHOD A total of 970 individuals who had self-harmed were r...