This study aims to understand trends in global fertility from 1950-2010 though the analysis of age-specific fertility rates. This approach incorporates both the overall level, as when the total fertility rate is modeled, and different patterns of age-specific fertility to examine the relationship between changes in age-specific fertility and fertility decline. Singular value decomposition is us...

Fertility has declined very markedly in the majority of developing countries over the past thirty to forty years, and it continues to decline almost everywhere. As a result, fertility has reached very low levels in many countries. In addition, currently more than 40 per cent of the world’s population lives in countries with total fertility levels lower than 2.1 children per woman, the level tha...

Soil fertility and nutrient-related plant functional traits are in general only moderately related, hindering the progress in trait-based prediction models of vegetation patterns. Although the relationships may have been obscured by suboptimal choices in how soil fertility is expressed, there has never been a systematic investigation into the suitability of fertility measures. This study, there...

Every country has a desire to balance its population growth according to its socioeconomic conditions. Three major components affecting population growth are fertility, mortality and migration, and among these components, fertility plays the most important role. A number of factors such as social, cultural, economic, health and other environmental factors directly determine fertility. Davis and...

background: one of the affected aspects in infertile women that have not been given sufficient attention is sexual function. sexual function is a key factor in physical and marital health, and sexual dysfunction could significantly lower the quality of life. aim of this study was to assess the comparison sexual dysfunction in women with infertility and without infertility, admitted to al- zahra...

Declining fertility in developed countries along with rising number of immigrants and different fertility behavior exhibited by the immigrants make the immigrants' fertility an interesting topic in field of demography. However most of the studies on immigrants' fertility consider the female immigrants as their subject on the assumption that they represent the immigrants' fertility. This study t...

The global population is at a turning point. At the end of 2004, the majority of the world’s population is believed to live in countries or regions below-replacement fertility, and the earlier distinct fertility regimes, ‘developed’ and ‘developing’, are increasingly disappearing in global comparisons of fertility levels (Wilson 2001, 2004). Several aspects of this convergence towards low ferti...

Many scholars have offered structural and ideational explanations for the fertility changes occurring around the world. This paper focuses on the influence of developmental idealism-a schema or set of beliefs endorsing development, fertility change, and causal connections between development and fertility. Developmental idealism is argued to be an important force affecting both population polic...

Studies of the causes of fertility levels and their changes often seek to measure directly the impact of socioeconomic factors on fertility. Such procedures have a broad appeal to policymakers, offering as they do to pinpoint mechanisms susceptible to manipulation by official policy. Despite this appeal, such approaches are considerably more problematical in their application. Not infrequently,...

BACKGROUND Research on fertility differentials between eastern and western Germany after German reunification in 1990 has focused on the fertility of women. Trends in the fertility of men are rarely studied due to data constraints and methodological challenges. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to close this gap by analyzing fertility differentials between eastern and western German males over the peri...