The functionally graded materials (FGM) have many advantages especially in thermal environments, and in the recent years they have been used in many engineering applications. A FGM plate is an inhomogeneous composite made of two constituents (usually ceramic and metal), with both the composition and the material properties varying smoothly through the thickness of the plate. The FGM plate vibra...

I asked a 13-year-old girl whether she had been cut. She replied, “That’s horrible isn’t it”, a rhetorical question to which I nodded assent. She felt that it was an appropriate question to ask, given the clinical context. The next morning I read, “Cameron in crackdown on summer surge of FGM cases” (from The Observer, Sunday 14 June 2015). New laws aimed at preventing young girls being taken ab...

introduction: female genital mutilation (fgm) comprises of various procedures that damage female genitalia for non-therapeutic intentions, and it offers multidimensional and interdependent effects. objectives: the aim of this study was to determine whether fgm versus non-fgm couples in kermanshah in iran vary in relationship characteristics, such as relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfactio...

Ingvild Lunde, a research fellow at the Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies (NKVTS), has studied campaigns against genital cutting in Hargeisa in Somalia. She has also examined attitudes towards female genital mutilation (FGM) and to the possible abandonment of the practice. She interviewed 22 representatives of organizations working on FGM issues, and 16 individuals from...

The cost of investing in new product development (NPD) is high, and it a feasible way to use demand forecasts for customer or end-users as decisive reference. However, this short-term time-series data has difficulties learning because there no past performance on which base the estimates. In past, been proven that cumulative method fractional grey prediction model (FGM) better than traditional ...

Given the deleterious consequences associated with chronic stress, individual differences in stress susceptibility can have important fitness implications. These differences may be explained in part by dominance status because high rank is typically associated with decreased aggression and improved nutrition. Here, we examined the relationship between dominance and social stress in lactating ch...

Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) processes have demonstrated the ability to produce parts with locally controlled composition. To exploit this potential, methods to represent and exchange parts with varying local composition need to be proposed and evaluated. In modeling such parts efficiently, any such method should provide a concise and accurate description of all of the relevant information ...

Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a traditional practice in which the external female genitalia is partially or totally incised or excised for a non-therapeutic reason, usually without the consent of the individual. FGM/C is common in Africa with varying prevalence in different countries, though the incidence is reducing because it is considered a human rights issue with tremendous a...

Safeguarding sustainability of forest ecosystems with their habitat variability and all their functions is of highest priority. Therefore, the long-term adaptability of forest ecosystems to a changing environment must be secured, e.g., through sustainable forest management. High adaptability is based on biological variation starting at the genetic level. Thus, the ultimate goal of the Conventio...

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) comprises different practices involving cutting, pricking, removing and sometimes sewing up external female genitalia for non-medical reasons. The practice of FGM/C is highly concentrated in a band of African countries from the Atlantic coast to the Horn of Africa, in areas of the Middle East such as Iraq and Yemen, and in some countries in Asia like In...