Abstract In this study we present a numerical approach to solve steady-state heat conduction problems in functionally graded materials (FGMs). Two different types of material gradations are considered for spatially varying thermal conductivity FGM: (1) Quadratic gradation; (2) Exponential gradation. The proposed procedure is based on finite-difference method and developed the equation over gene...

in many cases, a torsional shaft may be a thick-walled radially inhomogeneous cylindrical object. the hollow shafts made of functionally graded materials (fgms) are such kind of compositions which were studied in this paper. cylindrical fg shafts are composed of ceramic and metallic parts with power function distribution across the radial direction. the ceramic phase is isotropic elastic and th...

Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) can be used to synthesize inorganic materials that in some cases cannot be prepared by conventional methods. SHS is an exothermic process whereby a green mixture is ignited by point source initiation—usually by a flame or heated wire. A hot synthesis wave moves through the material converting reactants to products. The most promising means for c...

Flash glucose monitoring system (FGMs) is an option for patients to monitor their however, the presence of interfering substances can result in false blood readings. The COVID-19 (SARS-2-Cov) pandemic has resulted substantial damage public and currently, no effective treatment available this deadly disease. Intravenous vitamin C (VC) been shown attenuate cytokine storm infection. Studies sugges...

A dynamic thermal conduction problem needs a mathematical formulation and solution consisting of cylindrical coordinates materials for the application nuclear reactor and/or laser therapeutic when subjected to higher heat fluxes. In this study, dual-phase-lag (DPL) transient non-Fourier in functional graded material is analytically solved under axial flux condition. Functional Graded Material (...

Functionally graded materials (FGMs), proposed in 1980s by the Japanese school of material science as thermal barrier materials [1], present a number of advantages that make them attractive in potential future applications, such a reduction of in-plane and transverse through-the-thickness stresses, an improved residual stress distribution, enhanced thermal properties, higher fracture toughness,...

This article presents the theoretical analysis of composite electrical insulation, formed from layered dielectric materials and subjected to impulsive energization. The 1-D planar cylindrical geometries were considered, consisting an arbitrary number layers with relative permittivity conductivity. Analytical solutions have been successfully derived for time-dependent electric field inside <inli...

Functional graded materials (FGMs) are widely used for hip plant component because of their specific properties in a design to meet the requirements joint system. Stem is manufactured with concept making new FGM using three different composition Ti, CrCo, and HA. This has led development suitable functional femoral parts that can be long time. The helped reduce protection stress associated exis...