The initiation and propagation of adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) in functionally graded materials (FGMs) deformed at high strain rates in plane-strain tension have been studied. An ASB is a narrow region, usually a few micrometers wide, of intense plastic deformation that forms after softening of the material due to its being heated up and the evolution of damage in the form of porosity has overc...

1. Abstract Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) possess continuously graded material properties and are characterized by spatially varying microstructures. Such materials are studied in conjunction with the concept of topology optimization design which determines holes and connectivities of the structure by adding and removing material in the extended fixed design domain. The objective is to d...

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is an important step for the design of structures or components formed by heterogeneous objects such as multi-materials, Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs), etc. The main objective of the FEA-based design of heterogeneous objects is to simultaneously optimize both geometry and material distribution over the design domain (e.g., Homogenization Design Method). Howe...

Phononic band-gap materials prevent elastic waves from propagating at certain frequency ranges. These materials are called Phononic Crystals (PCs). PCs have been applied to manufacture frequency filters, vibration protection devices, waveguide and to improve ultrasound imaging transducers. Periodic band-gap materials are designed by choosing the location and the size of the band gaps. Many work...

In this paper, the interface crack of two non-homogenous functionally graded materials is studied. Subsequently, with employing the displacement method for fracture of mixed-mode stress intensity factors, the continuous variation of material properties are calculated. In this investigation, the displacements are derived with employing of the functional graded material programming and analysis o...

This study analyzes the free vibration, forced vibration, resonance, and stress wave propagation of orthotropic sandwich plates made of functionally graded materials (FGMs). Dynamic analyses are conducted using a mesh-free method based on first-order shear deformation theory and the shape functions constructed using moving least squares approximation. The sandwich plates are rested on a Pastern...

Crack tip deformations and fracture parameters in functionally graded glass-filled epoxy beams are experimentally evaluated under static and dynamic loading conditions. Beams with unidirectional, monotonic elastic gradients and cracks along the gradient are examined. SEN samples with increasing or decreasing Young’s modulus ahead of the crack tip are studied in symmetric four-point bending and ...

RATIONALE Gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic gland mucosa type (GA-FGM) is a rare tumor composed of atypical cells with differentiation toward the fundic gland as well as the foveolar epithelium. Including our case, only 9 cases of GA-FGMs were reported from 2010 to 2016. CONCERNS OF THE PATIENT An 87-year-old man was referred to our institution for endoscopic resection of a gastric lesion. The...

The occurrence of stress-inducing factors in captive crocodilians is a concern, since chronic stress can negatively affect animal health and reproduction, and hence production. Monitoring stress in wild crocodiles could also be beneficial for assessing the state of health in populations which are potentially threatened by environmental pollution. In both cases, a non-invasive approach to assess...

The abrupt change in material properties across the interface between different materials can result in large inter-laminar stresses leading to delimitation, cracking, and other damage mechanisms which result from the abrupt change of the mechanical properties at the interface between the layers. Initially the uncertainty in material properties at micro level is finally reflected as macro level...