This paper presents a simple method based on strain energy density criterion to study the crack initiation angle by finite element method under biaxial loading condition. The crack surface relative displacement method is used to eliminate the calculation of the stress intensity factors which are normally required. The analysis is performed using higher order four node quadrilateral element. The...

We derive and implement boundary integral methods for axisymmetric liquid bridge problems in the presence of an axial electric field. The liquid bridge is bounded by solid parallel electrodes placed perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and held at a constant potential difference. The fluid is assumed to be nonconducting and has permittivity different from that of the passive surrounding medium...