This paper provides a review of recent work in the area of fire risk assessment and its application. For completeness, the paper covers the following areas: basics of fire risk assessment, types of fire risk assessment methods, and comprehensive fire risk assessment models. The first section provides information on the definition of fire risk, measures of fire risk, acceptable fire risk levels,...

As for multi-uninhabited aerial vehicle cooperative fire fighting problem, a multiuninhabited aerial vehicle cooperative control method was proposed based on consensus algorithm. multi-uninhabited aerial vehicle cooperative control problem was divided into two steps: 1) a multi-uninhabited aerial vehicle arrival simultaneous control strategy under influence of wind field based on consensus algo...

Wildfires and their associated destruction have highlighted the need for real-time simulation systems for accurately predicting fire spread. Such systems would assist fire managers in their efforts to effectively contain potentially catastrophic fires. Modeling and simulation of forest fire spread using the cellular discrete event approach is based on dividing the forest into small areas called...

Numerical modeling of the behavior of fire and smoke within proposed building atria have revealed the possible presence of violent fire whirls or fire tornadoes induced by an inadvertent combination of ventilation and exhaust openings. Such fire vortexes can accelerate combustion up to ten times that seen during conventional fires, rapidly move fire and debris across available evacuation routes...

This study used field data and modeling to examine how coarse woody debris (CWD) differs between two areas that experienced different fire regimes (120to 300-year mean fire return intervals) in the 1500-1850 period. Although fire frequency and severity established the overall pattern of CWD succession, the interaction of fire regime with other controlling factors caused the differences in CWD m...

Fire hazard causes lots of economic loss and personal injuries every year. Many ways are proposed to help people escape quickly from dangerous region. As one key step for fire escaping, the fire escaping system detects fire and dynamically provides escaping route to help people escape from fire scene. With the advanced technique, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the fire escaping system is develo...

An improved understanding of the relative influences of climatic and landscape controls on multiple fire regime components is needed to enhance our understanding of modern fire regimes and how they will respond to future environmental change. To address this need, we analyzed the spatio-temporal patterns of fire occurrence, size, and severity of large fires (> 405 ha) in the western United Stat...

Each year, hundred millions hectares of forests burn causing human and economic losses. For efficient fire fighting, the personnel in the ground need tools permitting the prediction of fire front propagation. In this work, we present a new technique for automatically tracking fire spread in three-dimensional space. The proposed approach uses a stereo system to extract a 3D shape from fire image...

Successful use of fire has been essential to survival throughout the majority of human history—an environmental pressure that may have led to cognitive mechanisms dedicated to attaining mastery of fire manipulation and control. Concordant with this hypothesis is the fact that, despite its inherent danger, the frivolous use of fire remains firmly embedded within modern societies; conversely, in ...

Large recent fires in the western U.S. have contributed to a perception that fire exclusion has caused an unprecedented occurrence of uncharacteristically severe fires, particularly in lower elevation dry pine forests. In the absence of long-term fire severity records, it is unknown how short-term trends compare to fire severity prior to 20th century fire exclusion. This study compares historic...