Fire-retarding properties of wollastonite nanofibers in poplar wood (Populus nigra) were studied here. Some physical properties such as water absorption, volumetric swelling and anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) were also measured. Specimens were prepared according to the ISO 11925 specifications for the fire-retarding properties and according to the ASTM D4446 -2002 specifications for th...

Fire-retarding properties of wollastonite nanofibers in poplar wood (Populus nigra) were studied here. Some physical properties such as water absorption, volumetric swelling and anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) were also measured. Specimens were prepared according to the ISO 11925 specifications for the fire-retarding properties and according to the ASTM D4446 -2002 specifications for th...

Fire scars are used widely to reconstruct historical fire regime parameters in forests around the world. Because fire scars provide incomplete records of past fire occurrence at discrete points in space, inferences must be made to reconstruct fire frequency and extent across landscapes using spatial networks of fire-scar samples. Assessing the relative accuracy of fire-scar fire history reconst...

The worldwide movement from prescription-based to performance-based fire codes is unmistakable and irreversible. In the implementation of such performance-based fire codes, both basic and innovative engineering design tools are needed to analyze potential fire scenarios for relative fire hazards and risk assessment. Among such innovative design tools are fire models, particularly the fire field...

Fire managers who respond to wildland fire outbreak will need intelligent information regarding the state of the fire such as location, direction and active fire perimeter for better fire management. The Infrared Interpreters, who visually examine the infrared imagery to provide intelligent information, usually undertake the task of drawing the active fire map by hand. Vegetation indices like N...

Interest in high field non-superconducting tokamaks was strong after the US left the ITER project at the end of 1999. This class of tokamaks, including Alcator C-Mod, IGNITOR, and FIRE, has many challenging and interesting structural characteristics. Structural behavior of these tokamaks is discussed along with the special structural features employed to sustain the huge loads resulting from th...

Available data show that future changes in global change drivers may lead to an increasing impact of fires on terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. Yet, fire regime changes in highly humanised fire-prone regions are difficult to predict because fire effects may be heavily mediated by human activities We investigated the role of fire suppression strategies in synergy with climate change on the resul...

Although fire suppression is widely believed to have changed the “natural” fire regime in the boreal forest, empirical evidence for this effect is limited and usually involves a comparison of fire sizes, average annual area burned, and fire cycle between areas with and without fire suppression. We critically evaluate this empirical evidence and discuss problems with untested assumptions, data q...

A cellular automata fire model represents ‘elements’ of fire by autonomous agents. A few simple algebraic expressions substituted for complex physical and meteorological processes and solved iteratively yield simulations for ‘super-diffusive’ fire spread and coupled surface-layer (2-m) fire–atmosphere processes. Pressure anomalies, which are integrals of the thermal properties of the overlying ...

The increasing frequency of large, high-severity fires threatens the survival of old-growth specialist fauna in fire-prone forests. Within topographically diverse montane forests, areas that experience less severe or fewer fires compared with those prevailing in the landscape may present unique resource opportunities enabling old-growth specialist fauna to survive. Statistical landscape models ...