Today, commercial microwave radiometer profilers (MWRPs) are robust and unattended instruments providing real-time, accurate atmospheric observations at ∼ 1 min temporal resolution under nearly all weather conditions. Common commercial units operate in the 20–60 GHz frequency range and are able to retrieve profiles of temperature, vapour density, and relative humidity. Temperature and humidity ...

The identity and developmental pattern of the four organ types constituting the flower is governed by three developmental functions, A, B and C, which are defined by homeotic genes and established in two adjacent whorls. In this report we morphologically and genetically characterise mutants of two genes, STYLOSA (STY) and FISTULATA (FIS) which control floral homeotic meristem- and organ-identit...

The Escherichia coli chromosome is condensed into an ill-defined structure known as the nucleoid. Nucleoid-associated DNA-binding proteins are involved in maintaining this structure and in mediating chromosome compaction. We have exploited chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-density microarrays to study the binding of three such proteins, FIS, H-NS and IHF, across the E.coli genome in vivo. ...

In this paper, we present a novel method for parallelization of an arbitrary depth-first search (DFS in short) algorithm for mining of all FIs. The method is based on the so called reservoir sampling algorithm. The reservoir sampling algorithm in combination with an arbitrary DFS mining algorithm executed on a database sample takes an uniformly but not independently distributed sample of all FI...

objectives: this study was designed to evaluate the psychometric features of the persian version of the fatigue impact scale (fis-p) tool when used in iranian ms patients. methods: 140 ms patients and the equivalent number of healthy controls completed the following assessments: fis-p, fatigue severity scale (fss), sf-36 questionnaire and  the mini-mental state examination (mmse).  results: a s...

A Neuro-Fuzzy (NF) system is a combination of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) in such a way that ANN learning algorithms are used to determine the parameters of FIS. Potential interactions between connectionist learning systems and evolutionary search procedures have attracted lots of research work recently. There is no guarantee that the learning algorithm conv...

Sources and timing of freshwater forcing relative to hydroclimate shifts recorded in Greenland ice cores at the onset of Younger Dryas, ∼12,800 years ago, remain speculative. Here we show that progressive Fennoscandian Ice Sheet (FIS) melting 13,100-12,880 years ago generates a hydroclimate dipole with drier-colder conditions in Northern Europe and wetter-warmer conditions in Greenland. FIS mel...

The "faster-is-slower" (FIS) effect was first predicted by computer simulations of the egress of pedestrians through a narrow exit [D. Helbing, I. J. Farkas, and T. Vicsek, Nature (London) 407, 487 (2000)]. FIS refers to the finding that, under certain conditions, an excess of the individuals' vigor in the attempt to exit causes a decrease in the flow rate. In general, this effect is identified...

The Fis protein regulates gene expression in Escherichia coli by activating or repressing transcription of a variety of genes. Fis can activate transcription when bound to DNA upstream of the RNA-polymerase-binding site, such as in the rrnB P1 promoter, or when bound to a site overlapping the -35 RNA polymerase binding site, such as in the proP P2 promoter. It has been suggested that transcript...

The Fell and Dales are rare native UK pony breeds at risk due to falling numbers, in-breeding, and inherited disease. Specifically, the lethal Mendelian recessive disease Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS), which manifests as B-lymphocyte immunodeficiency and progressive anemia, is a substantial threat. A significant percentage (∼10%) of the Fell ponies born each year dies from FIS, compromis...