Spatial genetic variation was assessed in the common house fly Musca domestica. Allozymes at three gene enzyme system unraveled ten loci which revealed seventeen alleles in house fly populations. F statistics revealed that except ACPH-1 and EST-3 all the other loci show inbreeding (Fis>Fst). Persistent heterozygosity was observed in ACPH-1(Fis= -0.140) which indicate random mating for this locus.

HK022, a temperate coliphage related to lambda, forms lysogens by inserting its DNA into the bacterial chromosome through site-specific recombination. The Escherichia coli Fis and phage Xis proteins promote excision of HK022 DNA from the bacterial chromosome. These two proteins also act during lysogenization to prevent a prophage rearrangement: lysogens formed in the absence of either Fis or Xi...

All three pathogenic Yersinia species share a conserved virulence plasmid that encodes a Type 3 Secretion System (T3SS) and its associated effector proteins. During mammalian infection, these effectors are injected into innate immune cells, where they block many bactericidal functions, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, Y. pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) lacking the T...

Nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs) are global regulators of gene expression in Escherichia coli, which affect DNA conformation by bending, wrapping and bridging the DNA. Two of these--H-NS and Fis--bind to specific DNA sequences and structures. Because of their importance to global gene expression, the binding of these NAPs to the DNA was previously investigated on a genome-wide scale using Ch...

The Factor for Inversion Stimulation (FIS) is a dimeric DNA binding protein found in enteric bacteria that is involved in various cellular processes, including stimulation of certain specialized DNA recombination events and transcription regulation of a large number of genes. The intracellular FIS concentration, when cells are grown in rich media, varies dramatically during the early logarithmi...

This paper aims at helping to clarify the current confusion raised by a lot of workscomparing or merging neural net with fuzzy inference systems. On the theoretical side,we first show that a specific family of neural nets: Radial-Basis Functions (RBF) and aspecific family of fuzzy inference systems: Tagaki-Sugeno fuzzy inference systems (FIS)are nearly equivalent structure altho...

In this paper, a fuzzy inference system (FIS) that incorporated with an analogical reasoning schema based criterion-referenced assessment (CRA) is proposed. The aim of CRA is to report students’ achievement with reference to a set of objective reference points. Usually, scores were given to each task in order to eases the assessment as in common practice. A total-score is further obtained with ...

BACKGROUND Patients with unexplained self-reported food hypersensitivity and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) suffer from several health complaints, including fatigue. The aim of the present study was to validate a Norwegian translation of the Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS), and to assess the impact of fatigue in patients with self-reported food hypersensitivity and IBS, as compared with healthy cont...

The Escherichia coli proP P2 promoter, which directs the expression of an integral membrane transporter of proline, glycine betaine, and other osmoprotecting compounds, is induced upon entry into stationary phase to protect cells from osmotic shock. Transcription from the P2 promoter is completely dependent on RpoS (sigma(38)) and Fis. Fis activates transcription by binding to a site centered a...