BACKGROUND Traditional methods of assessing ventilatory effects of sedative agents do not measure their propensity to cause upper airway obstruction (UAO). The primary objective of this study was to develop a method, using dynamic negative airway pressure (DNAP), for replicating UAO during deep sedation. METHODS A state of deep sedation (defined as an Observer Assessment of Alertness and Seda...

OBJECTIVES Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) insertion offers secure enteral nutrition, but there is a significant mortality associated with the procedure. We reviewed our sedation practice and the effect of yearly protocol changes to establish if the routine reversal of midazolam with a flumazenil infusion improved mortality. METHODS Since 2003 yearly protocol changes have been intro...

Abstract Introduction Kleine-Levin Syndrome (KLS) is a rare disorder of hypersomnolence with cognitive and behavioral disturbances. Currently, there are no definitive treatment recommendations although stimulants, mood stabilizers, even electroconvulsive therapy have been utilized inconsistent results. Report Cases: A 23-year-old female history depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder...

BACKGROUND Abundant in vitro and animal model data suggest the postsynaptic gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor type A (GABA(A)-R) is an important target for volatile general anesthetics, but the relevance of these models is untested in humans. Because benzodiazepines have also been shown to act via a specific GABA(A)-R site, they provide sensitive probes for the GABA(A)-R. Availability of the 11C...