The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of tiletamine/zolazepam and the effect of flumazenil on the recovery from tiletamine/zolazepam anesthesia in the pig. Six Landrace and Yorkshire cross-bred pigs (three females and three males, 3-4 months old) weighing 35.8 ± 1.7 kg were used in this study. Pigs were given tiletamine/zolazepam intramuscular...

The withdrawal syndrome from benzodiazepine (BZD) can be severe and in some cases may impede cessation of the use of the drug. We present here a case series of benzodiazepine detoxification by flumazenil infusion, stabilised with clonazepam. Patients were treated with flumazenil 1.35 mg/day for a median of 7 days. Self-reported physical withdrawal symptoms were recorded daily. In addition to fl...

OBJECTIVE To investigate cost effectiveness of administration of flumazenil to patients presenting with suspected acute drug overdose. DESIGN Double-blind, prospective, placebo-controlled randomized study. SETTING University teaching hospital. PATIENTS Forty-three adults presenting with suspected drug overdose and having a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of <13. Patients with known benzodi...

We have studied the effects of concomitant blockade of 5-HT(3) and GABA(A) receptors on acetylcholine (ACh) release in the frontal cortex of rats with a selective cholinergic lesion. Lesions were performed by microinjection of the cholinergic toxin 192 IgG-saporin into the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. Single treatment with either the 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist ondansetron, 0.1 microg/kg, o...

this study investigated the anticonvulsant activity and possible mechanism of action of an aqueous solution of dorema ammoniacum gum (dag) which has been used traditionally in the treatment of convulsions.in this study, the anticonvulsant activity of dag was examined using the pentylentetrazole (ptz) model in mice. thirty male albino mice were divided randomly and equally to 5 groups, and pretr...

Evidence indicates that synchronization of cortical activity at gamma-band frequencies, mediated through GABA-A receptors, is important for perceptual/cognitive processes. To study GABA signaling in vivo, we recently used a novel positron emission tomography (PET) paradigm measuring the change in binding of the benzodiazepine (BDZ) site radiotracer [(11)C]flumazenil associated with increases in...

BACKGROUND The availability of GABAA receptor binding sites in the brain can be assessed by positron emission tomography (PET) using the radioligand, [18F]flumazenil. However, the brain uptake and binding of this PET radioligand are influenced by anesthetic drugs, which are typically needed in preclinical imaging studies and clinical imaging studies involving patient populations that do not tol...

the anticonvulsant activity of astragalus squarrosus total extract was assessed in pentylenetetrazole (ptz)-induced convulsion in mice, with diazepam as the standard drug, while mechanistic studies were also conducted using flumazenil, a gaba a-benzodiazepine receptor complex site antagonist. the extract produced protection against convulsion at 400 mg/kg, comparable with protection of benzodia...

The -aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors mediating the discriminative stimulus effects of ethanol were studied by comparing the potency of ethyl-8-azido-5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-4Himidazol(1,5-a)benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate (Ro15-4513) and ethyl 8-fluoro-5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-4H-imidazol(1,5-a)benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate (flumazenil, Ro15-1788) to antagonize ethanol, pentobarbital (PB),...

Midazolam was used for anaesthesia in 20 patients undergoing cardioversion; 10 received flumazenil, which caused immediate rapid reversal of anaesthesia, and these patients maintained SpO2 greater than 95%, breathing air, within 5-10 min. In contrast, patients in the placebo group were still partially sedated and required oxygen therapy for up to 2 h to maintain a normal SpO2. Arterial pressure...