Foreign-accented speech is generally harder to understand than native-accented speech. This difficulty is reduced for non-native listeners who share their first language with the non-native speaker. It is currently unclear, however, how non-native listeners deal with foreign-accented speech produced by speakers of a different language. We show that the process of (second) language acquisition i...

Requisites for improved instructional effectiveness in all disciplines have become more stringent as the result of increased teacher accountability and the move toward performance assessment. National standards such as the Standards for Foreign Language Learning in the 21st Century (National Standards in Foreign Language Education Project, 1999) and the National Educational Technology Standards...

today, in times of globalisation, intercultural competence is required more than ever before. therefore, language institutes are advocating and keen to train their students in intercultural competence too. accordingly, they ensure that their teachers include teaching additional cultural information about the country of the language being taught in their courses. the fact is, however, that durin...

Abstract The moral foreign language effect (MFLE) describes how people’s decisions may change when a dilemma is presented in either their native (NL) or (FL). Growing attention being directed to unpacking what aspects of bilingualism influence the MFLE, though with mixed inconclusive results. current study aims bridge this gap by adopting conceptualization that frames construct as composite and...

COMMUNICATION BARRIERS THAT JUNIOR AND SENIOR ELT STUDENTS EXPERIENCE IN THE PROCESS OF LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE Orhan KOCAMAN ABSTRACT Communication is a crucial aspect so as to communicate with other people in an effective way and it is also an important and indispensable tool for people to understand, convey opinions or messages. Effective communication is an essential component for educa...

The present study investigates the possible influence of foreign language learning on individuals’ divergent thinking abilities. Unlike the large body of research devoted to unfolding the effect of bilingualism on cognitive functions, foreign language learning has gained little attention. This study aimed at bringing into attention the distinctive nature of foreign language learning which deser...

Teacher retention is problematic, especially where foreign language educators are concerned. In an effort to study if a relationship exists between foreign language teacher efficacy and retention, the author created a new quantitative instrument to measure foreign language teacher efficacy (N = 441) in the southeastern region of the United States. The Foreign Language Teacher Efficacy Scale was...

this study is aimed at investigating the general foreign language classroom anxiety levels of iranian university students through administering horwitz scale (flcas) in addition to examining their reading anxiety through replicating saito’s reading comprehension anxiety scale (flras). the researchers further checked the former by developing and performing a new five–point likert type questionna...