Contaminant Geochemistry: Interactions and Transport in the Subsurface Environment combines the earth science fields of subsurface hydrology and environmental geochemistry and aims to provide a comprehensive background for students and researchers interested in protection and sustainable management of the subsurface environment. This book focuses on the upper part of the earth’s crust, covering...

The present paper provides results of a study on heterotrophic bacteria occurrence and quantity in the biofilm and subsurface water of lake Jeziorak Maty. Degradation of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's) (anthracene, naphthalene) by neustonic and planktonic bacteria have been examined. It has been discovered that some aromatic hydrocarbons were better decomposed by neustonic bact...

We have reexamined the question of extant microbial life on Mars in light of the most recent information about the planet and recently discovered nonphotosynthetic microbial ecosystems on Earth--deep sea hydrothermal vent communities and deep subsurface aquifer communities. On Mars, protected subsurface niches associated with hydrothermal activity could have continued to support life even afte...

Twenty percent of febrile children have fever without an apparent source of infection after history and physical examination. Of these, a small proportion may have an occult bacterial infection, including bacteremia, urinary tract infection (UTI), occult pneumonia, or, rarely, early bacterial meningitis. Febrile infants and young children have, by tradition, been arbitrarily assigned to differe...

An alternative reinforcing shear technique was proposed during this work in place of the traditional vertical stirrups. Three reinforced concrete beams with dimensions (200 * 300) mm and a length 1800 were used. A reference control beam stirrups (RCWS) two flamingo fixed angle 45° free ends (50% 50%) from effective depth used, while main variable bonding process using screw head (FWS) hook (FWH...

Tile drains and French drains are typically used to control subsurface drainage, especially on greens and fairways with shallow water tables or fine soil texture. Tile drains are defined as "drains constructed by laying drain tile with unsealed joints in the bottom of a trench which is then refilled," whereas French drains are a "type of drain consisting of an excavated trench, refilled with pe...

In recent years, the poultry industry has seen a steady growth in Iowa. With the increase in the broiler and egg industry, the public is concerned about the potential threat to environmental quality (surface and subsurface water and air quality) from increased volumes of poultry manure. Although the effect of poultry manure on crop production has been studied, its effects on water quality, unde...

One of the most important factors for appropriate performance of subsurface drainage systems is having adequate discharge for drains. For this purpose, knowledge about effect of drainage parameters change on drain discharge is essential in subsurface drainage systems. In this article, using change all of the drainage parameters by EnDrain software, changes of drains discharge has been investiga...

Pyhäsalmi mine in central Finland provides an excellent opportunity to study microbial and geochemical processes in a deep subsurface crystalline rock environment through near-vertical drill holes that reach to a depth of more than two kilometers below the surface. However, microbial sampling was challenging in this high-pressure environment. Nucleic acid yields obtained were extremely low when...