Non-freezing cold injury (NFCI) is the Cinderella of thermal injuries and is a clinical syndrome that occurs when tissues are exposed to cold temperatures close to freezing point for sustained periods. NFCI is insidious in onset, often difficult to recognize and problematic to treat, and yet the condition accounts for significant morbidity in both military and civilians who work in cold conditi...

Drosophila melanogaster experience cold shock injury and die when exposed to low non-freezing temperatures. In this study, we generated transgenic D. melanogaster that express putative Ixodes scapularis antifreeze glycoprotein (IAFGP) and show that the presence of IAFGP increases the ability of flies to survive in the cold. Male and female adult iafgp-expressing D. melanogaster exhibited higher...

abstract plants growth and development and physiological activities occur in a certain air temperature range. spit of this fact that zero temperature named as a freezing temperature, in agriculture meteorology, freezing happen in lower temperature which is different for plants that lead to their tissues damage. early autumn freezing cause damage to harvesting of cotton and sugar beet and affect...

Atthough it is generally believed that under natural conditionso freeze-tolerant organisms can survive only if ice formation is restricted to the extracellular space, in 1959 R. W. Salt reported that fat body cefls of the freeze-tolerant gall fly, Eurosta solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae)' survive intracellular freezing. Using cryomicroscopy, intratellular freezing was observed at -4.6*0.1oC f...

In this paper, we mainly investigate the W 2,s ⊗W L 2,s system, in which the matter and the Liouville subsystems generate W 2,s and W L 2,s algebras respectively. We first give a brief discussion of the physical states for corresponding W stings. The lower states are given by freezing the spin-2 and spin-s currents. Then, introducing two pairs of ghost-like fields, we give the realizations of W...

Increased participation in outdoor activities and an epidemic of homelessness have caused the incidence of cold injuries in the civilian population of Turkey to rise dramatically during the past 20 years. Knowledge of treatment is crucial for emergency physicians in rural and urban areas. Recent developments have significantly advanced the understanding of the pathophysiology of hypothermic and...

Incipient freeze-thaw stress in onion bulb scale tissue is known to cause enhanced efflux of K(+), along with small but significant loss of cellular Ca(2+). During the post-thaw period, irreversibly injured cells undergo a cytological aberration, namely, ;protoplasmic swelling.' This cellular symptom is thought to be caused by replacement of Ca(2+) from membrane by extracellular K(+) and subseq...

to mutate the ice nucleation active (ina) gene in erwinia herbicola strains, tn-5 transposon carried by psup2021 plasmid was used. this plasmid was transferred to the bacterial cells by electroporation. electrotransformation was carried out for 2.5 ms at 1800 v and 1 mm distance between the electrodes. polymerase chain reaction was used for determination of presence or loss of ina gene, using a...

Plasma membranes were isolated from both unfrozen and frozen tissues of Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Helianthus tuberosus L.) in high purity utilizing an aqueous two-polymer phase partition system. Although the recovery of the plasma membranes was decreased significantly by freezing of tissues even at the nonlethal temperature (-5 degrees C), the isolated plasma membrane samples were considered ...