This commentary highlights previous literature focusing on cultural and environmental explanations for the racial/ethnic group hierarchy of intelligence. Assumptions underlying definitions of intelligence, heritability/genetics, culture, and race are noted. Historical, contextual, and testing issues are clarified. Specific attention is given to studies supporting stereotype threat, effects of m...

The concept of a physical realization of a computational system is one of the key notions of both functionalism and the symbolic approach to cognitive science or AI. Notwithstanding a widespread consensus on the theoretical import of this concept, it comes somewhat as a surprise that a precise analysis or shared definition does not exist yet, either in the philosohical camp, or in the cognitive...

In this paper two research studies by Eells (2010) and Edwards (2010) evaluating case formulation and therapist responsiveness are summarized and critically evaluated. The central themes abstracted from these studies are subsequently articulated and integrated with existing research on the philosophical and theoretical competencies, clinical competencies, and quantitative competencies needed fo...

Ned Block (2002) claims that there is “an epistemic tension” between two fairly widely held commitments: to phenomenal realism and to naturalism. Phenomenal realism is the view that (a) we are phenomenally consciousness, and that (b) there is no a priori or armchair sufficient condition for phenomenal consciousness that can be stated (noncircularly) in nonphenomenal terms (p.392). Block points ...

The purpose of the study is to substantiate productivity socio-anthropological approach legal culture. In cultures, methodology science involves going beyond both special sciences and, in general, social sciences. This actualizes assessment law and justification its evolutionist functionalist directions for conceptualization phenomena. Their identifying characteristics culture based on a) recog...