In this paper an efficient Algorithm based on Zadeh's extension principle has been investigated to approximate fuzzy solution of two-point fuzzy boundary value problems, with fuzzy boundary values. We use finite difference method in term of the upper bound and lower bound of $r$- level of fuzzy boundary values. The proposed approach gives a linear system with crisp tridiagonal coefficients matr...

We propose a sound approach to bandwidth selection in nonparametric kernel testing. The main idea is to find an Edgeworth expansion of the asymptotic distribution of the test concerned. Due to the involvement of a kernel bandwidth in the leading term of the Edgeworth expansion, we are able to establish closed–form expressions to explicitly represent the leading terms of both the size and power ...

Quantitative characterization of nonlinear directional couplings between stochastic oscillators from data is considered. We suggest coupling characteristics readily interpreted from a physical viewpoint and their estimators. An expression for a statistical significance level is derived analytically that allows reliable coupling detection from a relatively short time series. Performance of the t...

We report the detection of the Sc nuclear decay lines at 67.9 keV and 78.4 keV associated with the nuclear decay of Ti in Cassiopeia A. The line emission was observed by the PDS instrument on board BeppoSAX, which recently observed the supernova remnant for over 500 ks. The detection of the line emission with a flux of (2.1± 0.7) 10 ph/cm/s in each line (90% confidence) is at the 5σ significanc...

In order to examine the possibility of multiple founding populations of anatomically modern Homo sapiens, we collected DNA sequence data from 10 X-chromosomal regions, 5 autosomal regions, and 1 Y-chromosomal region, in addition to mitochondrial DNA. Except for five regions which are genealogically uninformative and two other regions for which chimpanzee orthologs are not available, the ancestr...

One of the major issues in mapping multiple quantitative trait loci is that of model selection. Many methods for mapping QTL scan positions across the genome and test for statistical significance to decide whether to admit QTL in the model. A common problem with these methods is the determination of a genome-wide threshold value for the test statistic. Recently a modeland data-based resampling ...

It is common to summarize statistical comparisons by declarations of statistical significance or non-significance. Here we discuss one problem with such declarations, namely that changes in statistical significance are often not themselves statistically significant. By this, we are not merely making the commonplace observation that any particular threshold is arbitrary—for example, only a small...

Myhill-Nerode Theorem is regarded as a basic theorem in the theories of languages and automata and is used to prove the equivalence between automata and their languages. The significance of this theorem has stimulated researchers to develop that on different automata thus leading to optimizing computational models. In this article, we aim at developing the concept of congruence in general fuzzy...

Neuro-Fuzzy Modeling has been applied in a wide variety of fields such as Decision Making, Engineering and Management Sciences etc. In particular, applications of this Modeling technique in Decision Making by involving complex Systems of Linear Algebraic Equations have remarkable significance. In this Paper, we present Polak-Ribiere Conjugate Gradient based Neural Network with Fuzzy rules to so...

We provide a way to combine matrix Lyapunov systems with fuzzy rules to form a new fuzzy system called fuzzy dynamical matrix Lyapunov system, which can be regarded as a new approach to intelligent control. First, we study the controllability property of the fuzzy dynamical matrix Lyapunov system and provide a sufficient condition for its controllability with the use of fuzzy rule base. The sig...