Continuing the work K. C. Das, I. Gutman, B. Furtula, On second geometric-arithmetic index of graphs, Iran. J. Math Chem., 1(2) (2010) 17-28, in this paper we present lower and upper bounds on the third geometric-arithmetic index GA3 and characterize the extremal graphs. Moreover, we give Nordhaus-Gaddum-type result for GA3.

A new asymmetric pentadentate ligand was designed to impose low symmetry to trivalent ions. Five-coordinate Fe3+ and Ga3+ complexes were investigated by crystallographic, electrochemical, and electron paramagnetic resonance methods showing enhanced redox reversibility. Calculations were performed to account for the observed trends.

The hormonal control of stem unit (foliar appendage and axillary structure, if present, plus subtending internode) number and length was investigated in shoots of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss). Seedlings were treated with six gibberellins (GA1, GA3, GA4, GA5, GA9 and GA20) and two auxins (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA...

Orthodox seeds may present ditTerences in germination due to severa] reasons. Poor seed germination Iimits the use of different species for culture or p]ant breeding. In this work, we tested treatments for improving germination in two cultivars of common eggplant (Solanum melongena) and in six accessions of the related species S. macrocarpon, S. aethiopicum, and S. incanum. With the exception o...

The germinatioil of seed can be controlled by ap)plication of exogenous hormones at physiological concenitrations. It is therefore possible that the n-atural control of germination involves an interplay of hormones, both promoters and inh,,ibitors. WXe have shown that cytokinins overcome the inhibitoryaction of several natural inhibitors in the germination of the photosensitive Grand Rapids let...

Tu, Yicheng, M.S., Purdue University, December, 2000. Endogenous Gibberellins in Developing Apple Seeds in Relation to Biennial Bearing. Major Professor: Peter M. Hirst. It is believed that Gibberellins (GA) produced in apple seeds act as an inhibitory signal to flower induction in the neighboring buds. As an exception, GA4 is not inhibitory and sometimes found to be promotive to apple flowerin...

The capacity of Al3+ to promote oxidative damage to brain membranes was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, Al3+ and related metals (Sc3+, Ga3+, In3+, Be2+, Y3+, and La3+) stimulated Fe2+-initiated lipid and protein oxidation in brain myelin and synaptic membranes. Al3+, Sc3+, Y3+, and La3+ significantly promoted protein-associated carbonyl production in myelin, while in synaptic ...

We evaluated phytohormone and polyamine biosynthesis, siderophore production, and phosphate solubilization in two strains (Cd and Az39) of Azospirillum brasilense used for inoculant formulation in Argentina during the last 20 years. Siderophore production and phosphate solubilization were evaluated in a chemically defined medium, with negative results. Indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic ac...