The present study investigated the effect of galanin on wide-dynamic range (WDR) neuron activity in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord of rats. The evoked discharge of WDR neurons was elicited by transdermic electrical stimulation applied on the ipsilateral hindpaw of rats. Galanin was administered directly on the spinal dorsal surface of L3-L5. The evoked discharge frequency of the WDR neurons...

In the present study we have investigated the effects of galanin and/or oxytocin on carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia, the relationship between oxytocin and galanin-containing nerve fibers in the spinal cord and the influence of galanin on oxytocin secretion. Galanin (1 microgram) given intrathecally (i.t.) decreased significantly the mechanical nociceptive threshold of the carrageenan-treated h...

Galanin is associated with multiple projection neurons, and its immunoreactivity in the cerebral cortex may be derived from diverse sources. We investigated the effects of subcortical lesions on cerebral cortical galanin concentrations. Lesions of the anterior noradrenergic bundle (ANB) comparably reduced cerebral cortical galanin and norepinephrine (NE) concentrations. The effects of the ANB l...

Galanin, a 29-30-amino acid neuropeptide, is widely distributed in central and peripheral systems and mediates a variety of physiological functions. Pharmacological studies have suggested the existence of multiple receptor subtypes but only the type I (GalR1) galanin receptor has been cloned. Now we report the cloning by a combination of sib selection and rapid amplification of cDNA ends of a c...

The neuropeptide galanin has been implicated in the regulation of processes such as nociception, cognition, feeding behavior, and hormone secretion. Multiple galanin receptors are predicted to mediate its effects, but only two functionally coupled receptors have been reported. We now report the cloning of a third galanin receptor distinct from GALR1 and GALR2. The receptor, termed GALR3, was is...

We examined the role of hippocampal galanin in an animal model of status epilepticus (SE). Control rats showed abundant galanin-immunoreactive (Gal-IR) fibers in the dentate hilus, whereas no Gal-IR neurons were observed. Three hours after the onset of self-sustaining SE (SSSE), induced either by intermittent stimulation of the perforant path for 30 min (PPS) or by injection of lithium and pilo...

Galanin was first identified 30 years ago as a "classic neuropeptide," with actions primarily as a modulator of neurotransmission in the brain and peripheral nervous system. Other structurally-related peptides-galanin-like peptide and alarin-with diverse biologic actions in brain and other tissues have since been identified, although, unlike galanin, their cognate receptors are currently unknow...

Synthetic fragments of galanin 1-29 were administered intraventricularly or into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus for analysis of the critical amino acid sequence necessary to stimulate feeding behavior in rats. Galanin 1-29 and galanin fragment 1-16 significantly increased feeding at doses of 6 nmol microinjected into the lateral ventricles and 1 nmol microinjected into the hypo...

We have isolated and characterized cDNAs encoding rat galanin from a cDNA library prepared from rat hypothalamic tissue. Analysis of these clones reveals that rat galanin is synthesized initially as part of a 124-amino acid precursor that includes a signal peptide, galanin (29 amino acids), and a 60-amino acid galanin mRNA-associated peptide. In the precursor, galanin includes a C-terminal glyc...

Galanin is a 30 amino-acid active neuropeptide that acts via three G-protein coupled galanin receptors, GALR1, GALR2 and GALR3. Recently, GALR1 was also suggested as a tumor suppressor gene that was frequently silenced in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; moreover, galanin and GALR1 were reported to inhibit human oral cancer cell proliferation. However, the exact role of galanin in gastric...