The objective in the present study was to explore the histological, histochemical and micrometric changes of developing gall bladder during the fetal life of Gaddi sheep. A total number of 40 Gaddi sheep foetii samples were collected irrespective of sex and without any external anomaly or pathology. The age estimation of each foetus was done and accordingly the foetii were grouped as; group-I (...

Real time ultrasonography was used to compare the prevalence of gall stones in two groups of women aged 40-69: 632 women recruited from general practice registers and 130 vegetarians. One hundred and fifty-six (25%) of the 632 women who ate meat and 15 (12%) of the 130 vegetarian women either had gall stones visible on ultrasonography or had previously undergone cholecystectomy (p less than 0.0...

Insect galls may be study models to test the distribution of pectins and arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) and their related functions during plant cell cycles. These molecules are herein histochemically and immunocitochemically investigated in the kidney-shaped gall induced by Baccharopelma dracunculifoliae (Psyllidae) on leaves of Baccharis dracunculifolia DC. (Asteraceae) on developmental basi...

Many parasitic organisms have an ability to manipulate their hosts to increase their own fitness. In parasitoids, behavioral changes of mobile hosts to avoid or protect against predation and hyperparasitism have been intensively studied, but host manipulation by parasitoids associated with endophytic or immobile hosts has seldom been investigated. We examined the interactions between a gall ind...

The life history of figs (Ficus, Moraceae) involves pollination by specialized insects and seed dispersal by vertebrate frugivores. This three-way interaction raises the possibility of conflict between pollinators and seed dispersers over fig resources. The conflict might be mediated in dioecious figs by the segregation of inflorescences with specialized male and female sexual functions, termed...

Our previous study demonstrated that curcumin, an active compound of Curcuma xanthorrhiza and C. domestica, produces a positive cholekinetic effect. A 20 mg amount of curcumin is capable of contracting the gall bladder by up to 29% within an observation time of 2 h. The aim of the current study was to define the dosage of curcumin capable of producing a 50% contraction of the gall bladder, and ...

Human gall bladder mucus glycoprotein was isolated by Sepharose 4B gel filtration followed by caesium chloride density gradient ultracentrifugation from four groups: patients with cholesterol gall stones, patients with pigmented stones, patients with complete obstruction of the cystic duct and patients with no biliary tract abnormalities (controls). Mucus glycoprotein concentrations in choleste...

The gall bladder is least common intra-abdominal organ to be involved by tuberculosis. It is either part of systemic miliary tuberculosis or abdominal tuberculosis. Isolated gall bladder tuberculosis is even rarer, can presents either as calculus or acalculus cholecystitis. Gall bladder tuberculosis presenting as a localized perforation with a sinus formation into anterior abdominal wall is unr...

In this study we focused on the effects of light irradiation and the addition of L-galactono-1,4-lactone (L-GalL) on the conversion of exogenous L-GalL to L-ascorbate (AsA) and the total AsA pool size in detached leaves of Arabidopsis plants and transgenic plants expressing the rat L-gulono-1,4-lactone oxidase gene. Increases in the total AsA level in L-GalL-treated leaves depended entirely on ...

Gall bladder cancer is one of five most common malignancies of the gastro-intestinal tract. Most of the cancers are detected during histological examination after cholecystectomy. Females are more commonly affected than males with a ratio of 4:1. A direct association exists between the presence of cholelithiasis and the development of gall bladder carcinoma. In patients with gall bladder carcin...