Dead and dying oak (Quercus) and numerous other woody ornamental trees and shrubs showing signs and symptoms of Armillaria root rot were identified in the Company Gardens, Cape Town, South Africa, which were established in the mid-1600s by the Dutch East Indies Trading Company. Nineteen isolates from dying trees or from mushrooms were collected and analysed to identify and characterize the Armi...

Home gardens are considered germplasm repositories and places for experimentation, thus they are key sites for the domestication of plants. Domestication is considered a constant process that occurs along a continuum from wild to managed to domesticated populations. Management may lead to the modification of populations and in other cases to their distribution, changing population structure in ...

Today almost all ecosystems on Earth are directly or indirectly influenced by human activity. Most species occur in ecosystems that are managed by humans and only a small fraction of biodiversity exists in protected areas. Therefore, human dominated areas must also be considered for conservation of biodiversity. I have studied the effect of urbanization and green area management on bumble bees,...

The continuing population growth, decreasing availability of productive land due to land conversion, transport emissions of food and other factors will create significant challenges for supplying future food demand and sustainability. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) identified that by 2050 there will be an additional 2.7 billion people in the world (UNDP, 2009). Two thirds of th...

one of the methods of understanding and evaluating the irrigation management is to measure soil moisture, plant indices and vegetation temperature. the present study aims to introduce a traditional pattern of irrigation management (continuous water rotation in an irrigation zone) in the pistachio gardens of ardakan, and evaluate its strengths and weaknesses. a tdr device was used in a one-month...