Bioincompatibility of conventional glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDF) has been partially attributed to the presence of glucose degradation products (GDP) generated during heat sterilization of PDF. Most previous studies on GDP toxicity were performed on animal and/or transformed cell lines, and the impact of GDP on peritoneal cells remains obscure. The short-term effects of six iden...

The proposal that microtubule dynamic instability results from stabilization of microtubule ends by tubulin-GDP-Pi subunits (where Pi is inorganic phosphate) [Melki et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35, 12038] was based on studies of GTP hydrolysis and microtubule assembly that showed that tubulin-GDP-Pi subunits can transiently accumulate at microtubule ends. There is no direct evidence that GDP-Pi-s...

Thyroid fucokinase is responsive to a number of metabolites which might serve in a regulatory capacity. In addition to inhibition by ADP and stimulation by GMP, fucokinase responds selectively to a series of nucleotide sugars. Of those studied, only guanine nucleotide sugars moderate the activity of the enzyme. GDP-a-D-mannose, GDP-a-D-glucose, GDP-cY-D-rhamnose, and GDP-cu-L-rhamnose all stimu...

A eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2)-ancillary protein factor Co-eIF-2 promotes displacement of GDP from eIF-2 X GDP and facilitates ternary complex (Met-tRNAf X eIF-2 X GTP) formation in the presence of Mg2+. Heme-regulated protein synthesis inhibitor, HRI, phosphorylates the alpha-subunit of eIF-2 and thus inhibits ternary complex formation as Co-eIF-2 does not displace GDP from eIF-2 alp...

The first committed enzyme in GDP-L-fucose formation from GDP-D-mannose is GDP-D-mannose 4,6-dehydratase, which forms GDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-mannose. The uncertain enzymatic steps beyond this point were examined in this study. Assays were developed for the epimerase and reductase activities which the putative pathway would predict. A protein was isolated exhibiting homogeneity by several criteria...

GDP (Gross domestic product) and per capita GDP data of six GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) countries were collected and analysed by randomized complete bock design and pair-wise multiple comparison. It is observed that GDP of Saudi Arabia is significantly higher than that of all other GCC countries. The GDP of Bahrain, Qatar, Oman and Kuwait are similar. The GDP of UAE is significantly higher t...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Conventional determination of agonist efficacy at G-protein coupled receptors is measured by stimulation of guanosine-5'-γ-thiotriphosphate (GTPγS) binding. We analysed the role of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) in the process of activation of the M₂ muscarinic acetylcholine receptor and provide evidence that negative cooperativity between agonist and GDP binding is an alter...

Coxiella burnetii, the etiologic agent of human Q fever, is a gram-negative and naturally obligate intracellular bacterium. The O-specific polysaccharide chain (O-PS) of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of C. burnetii is considered a heteropolymer of the two unusual sugars β-D-virenose and dihydrohydroxystreptose and mannose. We hypothesize that GDP-D-mannose is a metabolic intermediate to GDP-β-D-...

During development, hippocampal CA3 network generates recurrent population bursts, so-called Giant Depolarizing Potentials (GDPs). GDPs are characterized by synchronous depolarization and firing of CA3 pyramidal cells followed by afterhyperpolarization (GDP-AHP). Here, we explored the properties of GDP-AHP in CA3 pyramidal cells using gramicidin perforated patch clamp recordings from neonatal r...