BACKGROUND Oryeong-san, a mixture of five herbal plants, is a well-known therapy for renal-associated diseases such as those manifesting edema, dysuria, and oliguria. METHODS In the present study, we investigatee the potential genotoxic effects of a water extract of Oryeong-san (ORSE) in three mutagenicity assays (an in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) with Salmonella typhim...

Genotoxicity is a major limitation of various compounds used in clinical practices which range from gene mutations, chromosomal aberrations to other DNA effects. For the same reason, it must be assessed before bringing into the market. Moreover, various regulatory agencies have made it mandatory to submit the genotoxicity data while filing a New Drug Application (NDA). This in turn has given fu...

The focus of this research was to develop a better understanding of the pertinent physico-chemical properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) that affect genotoxicity, specifically how cellular uptake influences a genotoxic cell response. The genotoxicity of AgNPs was assessed for three potential mechanisms: mutagenicity, clastogenicity and DNA strand-break-based DNA damage. Mutagenicity (rever...

A series of studies was performed to evaluate the safety of dihydrocapsiate (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl 8-methylnonanoate; CAS no. 205687-03-2). This study evaluated the potential genotoxicity of this compound using a variety of in vitro and in vivo test systems, including bacterial reverse mutation test, chromosomal aberration test, micronucleus test, gene mutation assay with transgenic rats, a...

The unscheduled DNA synthesis test is a short-term genotoxicity assay that allows identification of substances that induce DNA repair in liver cells of treated animals. This endpoint can be assessed by determining the uptake of radiolabelled nucleotide after excision-repair in cells that are not undergoing scheduled (S-phase) DNA synthesis. Here we describe the protocol for performing this well...

results: the lowest concentrations of nzvi that inhibited the visible growth (mic) of e. amylovora, x. oryzae, b. cereus and streptomyces spp. were 625, 550, 1250 and 1280 ppm, respectively. the minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) for e. amylovora and x. oryzae were 10,000 and 5,000 ppm of nzvi, respectively. mbc was not observed for the gram positive bacteria. no bacteriostatic and bacter...

BACKGROUND The greater surface of bioactive glass nanoparticles presents an incomparable and promising feature similar to the biological apatite. Nanoparticles improve cellular adhesion, enhance osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, and increase biomineralization for periodontal regeneration and dental implants. Considering the fact that interaction between periodontal cells and bone gr...