Data from the acoustic surveys of MV SA ‘‘Agulhas’’ and FRV ‘‘Walther Herwig’’, and the 1981 RRS ‘‘John Biscoe’’ South Georgia acoustic survey were analysed by geostatistical methods. Estimates of mean density (g m) of krill and their variances are compared with published results from statistical analyses based on random sampling theory. A further high-resolution geostatistical analysis of the ...

The zeolitic threshold method used in previous chapters is replaced with more rigorous geostatistical modeling. With this more sophisticated modeling approach, we examine whether using a threshold cutoff for zeolitic abundance is an appropriate upscaling method for characterizing small scale heterogeneity. Geostatistical techniques are used to develop variograms, kriging maps, and conditional s...

Most spatial analysis computer programs are available on the ‘World Wide Wait’ leading this framework to a new GIS platform. Ultimately, this world expects fast answers because if it works then it is obsolete. To review and to evaluate the present spatial geostatistical analysis software and withdraw major conclusions regarding its implementation status are the major goal of th...

Although many geostatistical studies only study a measured attribute in relation to its spatial coordinates, this paper argues that other layers in the GIS database can be of additional use for spatial prediction purposes. They may enter the prediction equations as predictors in a regression model, or as correlated measurements. In an example we will show how this is done for predicting PCB138,...

With the proposition of a Markov chain random field (MCRF) theory and its accompanying spatial measure – the transiogram, Markov chain has been extended into a nonlinear Markov chain-based geostatistical approach for one to multi-dimensional conditional (or unconditional) simulation, called Markov chain geostatistics (MCG). This new approach has nonlinear estimators, considers conditional indep...

A variety of methods have been used to make evolutionary inferences based on the spatial distribution of biological data, including reconstructing population history and detection of the geographic pattern of natural selection. This article provides an examination of geostatistical analysis, a method used widely in geology but which has not often been applied in biological anthropology. Geostat...

This paper discusses the numerical simulation of groundwater ow through heterogeneous porous media The focus is on the performance of a parallel multigrid preconditioner for accelerating convergence of conjugate gradients which is used to compute the pressure head The numerical investigation considers the e ects of boundary conditions coarse grid solver strategy increasing the grid resolution e...

Over the decades there have been important advances in high resolution reservoir characterization, including advances in seismic data acquisition, instrumentation, processing, inversion, and integration of different data. The need for high resolution characterization has been driven by the need to capture realistically and with increasing accuracy the complexity of the subsurface. Seismic imagi...