Models of disease are collections of theory on its etiology and progression, based on research as far as possible but often including some untested hypotheses. As such, these models have to be modified from time to time as new research findings come out and sometimes have to be revised extensively. This is the case with the models for periodontal diseases. In fact, knowledge of the disease proc...

BACKGROUND How smokeless tobacco contributes to non-neoplastic oral diseases is unclear. It certainly increases risk of oral mucosal lesions, but reviewers disagree as to other conditions. In some areas, especially South-East Asia, risk is difficult to quantify due to the many products, compositions (including non-tobacco ingredients), and usage practices involved. This review considers studies...

Background: Periodontal diseases are among the most frequent diseases affecting children and adolescents. These include gingivitis, localized or generalized aggressive periodontitis (a.k.a., early onset periodontitis which includes generalized or localized prepubertal periodontitis and juvenile periodontitis) and periodontal diseases associated with systemic disorders. The best approach to mana...

D estructive forms of periodontal diseases may have an early onset in the primary dentition. 1-~ Two types of prepubertal periodontitis (PP) have been described:1 a) generalized prepubertal periodontitis (GPP), which is characterized by severe gingival inflammation, gingival tissue proliferation, gingival recession, and a widespread and rapid destruction of the alveolar bone and b) localized pr...

Gingival Fibrous Nodules also called as Gingival Nodules are not so well known variants of normal mucosa. These appear as single or multiple pinkish-white nodules or papules on the labial gingiva of the maxillary or mandibular arches. These vary in size from 1-4 mm and are painless. Many a times the patients will be unaware of their presence and will only be detected on routine clinical examina...

Acute streptococcal gingivitis is an acute inflammation of the oral mucosa and also seen with the other oral diseases as aggressive periodontitis that is characterized by a considerable attachment loss over a short period of time. Streptococcal infections of gingiva are seen rarely; also the origin of this gingival inflammation is occasionally different from that of routine plaque-associated gi...

Acute streptococcal gingivitis is an acute inflammation of the oral mucosa and also may be seen with the other oral diseases as aggressive periodontitis that is characterized by a considerable attachment loss over a relatively short period of time. Streptococcal infections of gingiva are seen rarely; also the origin of this gingival inflammation is occasionally different from that of routine pl...

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment can cause difficulties in maintaining good oral hygiene leading to the accumulation of dental plaque, gingival inflammation, periodontal disease, and caries. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three different tooth brushing techniques on the prevention of periodontal diseases in patients with fixed orthodontics treatment. Materials and Methods:In t...

Gingivitis and periodontitis are chronic bacterial diseases of the underlying and surrounding tooth tissues. Diabetes mellitus is responsible for tooth deprivation both by decay and periodontal disease. The streptozotocin-induced diabetes results in a diabetic status in experimental animals similar to that observed in diabetes patients. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship b...