Ginkgo biloba is a typical relic plant that rarely suffers from pest hazards. This study analyzed the pattern of G. biloba pest hazards in Beijing; tested the antifeedant activity of G. biloba extracts, including ginkgo flavonoids, ginkgolide, and bilobalide, against Hyphantria cunea larvae; determined the activities of glutathione transferase (GSTs), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylestera...

Cultivar identification is a key step to avoid the formation of homonyms and synonyms of Ginkgo biloba. In this study, a new approach based on combinational utilization of polymorphic bands produced from 6 different random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers was developed for identifying 42 Ginkgo cultivars, and a manual cultivar identification diagram that consisted of polymorphic ba...

Apoptosis, known as programmed cell death, plays a crucial role in normal development and tissue homeostasis. Apoptosis is also involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Amnesia refers to the loss of memory and can also be a warning sign of neurodegenerative diseases. The antioxidant properties of Ginkgo biloba extract was known previously. Therefore, the aim of this s...

BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment is a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. It is important in terms of recognizing memory loss in older people as well as identifying a group of individuals at high risk of developing dementia and who may benefit from preventive strategies. Ginkgo biloba extract has been shown to possess polyvalent properties, such as anti-oxidation, anti-apo...

The aim of the present study was to examine the apoptotic effect of flavonoids in methanol extracts of Ginkgo biloba fallen leaves (MEGFL) on melanoma cells. Ginkgo biloba is a deciduous castle chaplain and its leaves include various types of flavonoids such as flavonol-O-glycosides. Ginkgo biloba is known to have therapeutic properties against a number of diseases such as cerebrovascular disea...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate, by using distortion product otoacoustic emission test, the action of Ginkgo biloba extract 761, which has a known antioxidant property, as a possible otoprotective against cisplatin induced hearing loss. This prospective and double blinded study was conducted on individuals that were to begin cisplatin treatment in a tertiary university cente...

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) was a preplanned secondary outcome of the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study. The trial previously reported that Ginkgo biloba had no effect on the primary outcome, incident dementia. METHODS AND RESULTS The double-blind trial randomly assigned 3069 participants over 75 years of age to 120 mg of G biloba EGb 761 twice daily or placebo. Mean follow-up was...

Autumnal tints are one of the most fascinating natural phenomena, but the molecular mechanism of chlorophyll (Chl-)degradation in deciduous trees has not been fully understood. In this study, from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba, chlorophyllase-homologous GbCLH was cloned by RT-PCR with degenerated primers. The expression of GbCLH in different yellowing stages was analyzed by Northern hybridization...

BACKGROUND The benefit of Ginkgo biloba has been discussed controversially. The aim of this review was to assess the effects of Ginkgo biloba in Alzheimer's disease as well as vascular and mixed dementia covering a variety of outcome domains. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane databases, CINAHL and PsycINFO for controlled trials of ginkgo for Alzheimer's, vascular or mixed deme...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic demyelinating disease that can affect cognitive function. the purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of ginkgo biloba (gb) on improvement of memory impairment and quality of life in patients with ms. methods: this study was an 8-week, open study of patients with ms. thirty patients was recruited from a variety of outpatient settings. al...