Plateau potentials are a critical feature of neuronal excitability, but their all-or-none behavior is not easily captured in modeling. In this study, we investigated models plateau multi-compartment neuron and found that including glutamate spillover provides robust behavior. This result arises due to the prolonged duration extrasynaptic glutamate. When included, very sensitive steepness Mg 2+ ...

Abstract Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain technique to change cortical excitability by transferring weak through the scalp. The clinical impact of prefrontal tDCS has been demonstrated in initial pilot studies, but underlying mechanism still not fully understood. Studies investigating neuronal excitation and inhibition dorsolateral cortex (DLPFC...

Thiamine (vitamin B1), which is synthesized only in bacteria, fungi and plants humans should take with diet, participates basic biochemical physiological processes a versatile way its deficiency associated neurological problems accompanied by cognitive dysfunctions. The rat glioblastoma (C6) model was used, exposed to limited environment toxicity glutamate. cells were stressed exposure glutamat...

glutamate decarboxylase enzyme produces γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) in a non-reversible decarboxylation reaction of glutamate. gaba is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain and it is also present at high concentration in other organs such as pancreatic islets. gaba has effects on blood pressure, diabetes, inflammation, sleeplessness and depression. some bacteria such as lactobacillus ...

The effect of coenzyme Q10 on oxidative stress parameters and testicular tissue damage in rats following monosodium glutamate induced excitatory intoxication

it has been shown that nitric oxide is synthesized in the central nervous system as well as in vascular endothelial cells. recently, it was reported that nitric oxide was involved in central cardiovascular regulation, baroreflex modulation, and involved in a reciprocal release with excitatory amino acids in the nucleus tractus solitarii of rats. the purpose of the present study was to investiga...

Tea (Camellia sinensis) is widely considered to promote feelings of calming and soothing. This effect attributed L-theanine (L-?-glutamylethylamide) in tea, a non-protein amino acid mainly derived from tea leaves. As naturally occurring structural analogue glutamate, competes for the receptors with glutamate able pass blood-brain barrier exert its relaxation effect. review focuses on L-theanine...

Introduction: The brain glutamate neurotransmitter system and its NMDA receptors in the nucleus accumbens play an important role in the incidence of the phenomena of sensitivity and addiction. The present study examined the inhibitory effect of glutamate NMDA receptors in the nucleus accumbens in response to chronic stress. Methods: After the unilateral and bilateral cannula placement in the ...

The SLC1 family of sodium dependent transporters includes the plasma membrane located glutamate and neutral amino acid ASCT1 ASCT2 [3, 52, 39, 40, 9].