Glycine decarboxylase (GLDC) acts in the glycine cleavage system to decarboxylate glycine and transfer a one-carbon unit into folate one-carbon metabolism. GLDC mutations cause a rare recessive disease non-ketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH). Mutations have also been identified in patients with neural tube defects (NTDs); however, the relationship between NKH and NTDs is unclear. We show that reduced...

Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter acting mainly in the caudal part of the central nervous system. Besides this neurotransmitter function, glycine has cytoprotective and modulatory effects in different non-neuronal cell types. Modulatory effects were mainly described in immune cells, endothelial cells and macroglial cells, where glycine modulates proliferation, differentiation, migration...

To determine whether GABA and glycine can act as cotransmitters at synapses in the rat spinal cord, we have compared the ultrastructural distribution of GABAA-receptor beta 3 subunit with that of the glycine receptor-associated protein gephyrin and combined this with postembedding detection of GABA and glycine. We also used a dual-immunofluorescence method to confirm that gephyrin was associate...

Salmonella typhimurium can normally use glycine as a serine source to support the growth of serine auxotrophs. This reaction was presumed to occur by the reversible activity of the enzyme, serine transhydroxymethylase (E. C. 2. 1. 2. 1; L-serine: tetrahydrofolic-5, 10 transhydroxymethylase), which is responsible for glycine biosynthesis. However, this enzyme had not been demonstrated to be sole...

Fab fragments of a glycine antiserum were prepared and used for immunocytochemical visualization of glycine in the cat retina. The use of Fab fragments in conjunction with Fab-specific secondary and tertiary antisera improved tissue penetration and made it possible to identify a number of the immunoreactive neurons. Staining was observed in several subpopulations of amacrine cells, including th...

The glycine and somatostatin (SS) neurotransmission systems in the brain have been implicated in the function of sensory, motor, and nociceptive pathways. To investigate a possible relationship between these two components, we studied the influence of glycine on the binding of 125I-Tyr11-SS to its receptors and on SS-like immunoreactivity (SSLI) levels in the rat hippocampus and frontoparietal ...